Non-liberal reforms and globalization have deeply transformed the institutions of the welfare state and set the ground for a new 'welfare society'. In this context, examine the challenges faced in service delivery and suggest adequate reforms.
Introduction
A welfare state of Gandhian Ramarajya is the core objective of DPSPs. Post-LPG reforms 1991, there has been complexities in problems of solutions to this concept. Sino-India relations are the bedrock of the paradigm shift towards a multipolar Asia.
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Main Body
A welfare state of Gandhian Ramarajya is the core objective of DPSPs. Post-LPG reforms 1991, there has been complexities in problems of solutions to this concept.
Transformation of institutions by neo liberal reforms:
1. LGTBQ (374) decimalization under Navtej Singh Johar case for inclusive & just state
2. Governance reforms by govt by CPNRAKS, RailTel, etc.
3. Globalization is promoting right to equality by equal opportunities & no discrimination by MNCs have no caste columns
4. Technology diffusion as great-leveller (ex: #MeToo movement for gender justice & A.42, 51A(2))
Challenges faced in this context by stakeholders:
1. Policy formulation by dynamic problem identification (ex: city planning for migrant influx)
2. Policy implementation (ex: Tech: digital divide leads to service delivery exclusion)
3. Social variation & adaptability issue (ex: globalization led MNCs encroach on tribal land)
4. Uneven growth: (OXFAM report 2023 - 'survival of the richest' - 3/: have 70% of wealth)
SuggestAdequate reforms:
These systems can call for a 'local to global' orientation in solution to complexities
Sino-India relations are the bedrock of the paradigm shift towards a multipolar Asia.
India as China's Asian rival - REASONS:
1. Asymmetric diplomacy to counter Chinese left say diplomacy (ex: India was 1st to give IMF consent for loans to Sri Lanka)
3. Encashing on sustainability drives of China encountered by balanced foreign policy
4. Salami slicing tactics countered (ex: on Bhutan conjunction skirmished alternate)
5. India provides an attractive destination to economic hegemony of China (ex: semi-conductor companies reshoring from China, attracted by Semicon India sk')
However,
CONVERGENCES:-
1. echoes idea of multipolar world
2. Not in favour of some unilateral sanctions
3. Mediation of peace in region (ex: India on Russia Ukraine war 'This is not an era of war')
Way forwards:-
India & China must ensure dialogue by diplomacy led peace on border
Conclusion
These systems can call for a 'local to global' orientation in solution to complexities Convergence between these two is indeed crucial for not just a saleme geopolitry but handle rising complexities
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Diagram
Venn diagram showing convergence between India and China with overlapping circles labeled 'India', 'China', and 'CONVERGENCES' showing areas of mutual interest
- Comprehensive coverage of neo-liberal reform effects
- Links constitutional provisions (DPSP, A.42, 51A) to contemporary issues
- Cites specific case laws and recent data (OXFAM 2023)
- Proposes concrete reform mechanisms with real examples (Kudumbashree)
- Addresses multiple dimensions: legal, social, technological, economic
- Clear structural approach (Rival reasons → Convergences → Way forward)
- Uses contemporary geopolitical strategy frameworks (string of pearls, necklace of diamonds)
- Provides specific examples from current affairs
- Acknowledges multidimensional aspects (economic, military, diplomatic, technological)
- Offers concrete suggestions for future cooperation
Annapurna Singh
Government Policies and Interventions - Design, Implementation and Issues
Welfare State and Service Delivery
Challenges in Service Delivery Post-LPG Reforms
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Total words
8
Paragraphs
11
Bullets
formal, analytical, structured
Tone