AS

Annapurna Singh· 2023

Question Q.18GS2GS2

Non-liberal reforms and globalization have deeply transformed the institutions of the welfare state and set the ground for a new 'welfare society'. In this context, examine the challenges faced in service delivery and suggest adequate reforms.

Open scan (p.47)

Introduction

A welfare state of Gandhian Ramarajya is the core objective of DPSPs. Post-LPG reforms 1991, there has been complexities in problems of solutions to this concept. Sino-India relations are the bedrock of the paradigm shift towards a multipolar Asia.

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Main Body

A welfare state of Gandhian Ramarajya is the core objective of DPSPs. Post-LPG reforms 1991, there has been complexities in problems of solutions to this concept.

Transformation of institutions by neo liberal reforms:

1. LGTBQ (374) decimalization under Navtej Singh Johar case for inclusive & just state

Legalization of: marriage, live-in, to come under ambit of domestic violence at RoOS

2. Governance reforms by govt by CPNRAKS, RailTel, etc.

3. Globalization is promoting right to equality by equal opportunities & no discrimination by MNCs have no caste columns

4. Technology diffusion as great-leveller (ex: #MeToo movement for gender justice & A.42, 51A(2))

Challenges faced in this context by stakeholders:

1. Policy formulation by dynamic problem identification (ex: city planning for migrant influx)

2. Policy implementation (ex: Tech: digital divide leads to service delivery exclusion)

3. Social variation & adaptability issue (ex: globalization led MNCs encroach on tribal land)

4. Uneven growth: (OXFAM report 2023 - 'survival of the richest' - 3/: have 70% of wealth)

SuggestAdequate reforms:

Locattam model tailored for current complexity
citizen charter for clear mission
parallel collaboration with SHGs, cooperatives for service delivery (ex: Kudumbashree, Kerala (Covid19))
Technology for dynamic mapping (ex: hazard zonation & preemptive service delivery)
community & local participation: MSY/URD DECLARATION

These systems can call for a 'local to global' orientation in solution to complexities

Sino-India relations are the bedrock of the paradigm shift towards a multipolar Asia.

India as China's Asian rival - REASONS:

1. Asymmetric diplomacy to counter Chinese left say diplomacy (ex: India was 1st to give IMF consent for loans to Sri Lanka)

2. Military encircling - China's string of pearls counted by India's necklace of diamondsIndia not joined BRI

3. Encashing on sustainability drives of China encountered by balanced foreign policy

4. Salami slicing tactics countered (ex: on Bhutan conjunction skirmished alternate)

5. India provides an attractive destination to economic hegemony of China (ex: semi-conductor companies reshoring from China, attracted by Semicon India sk')

6. Indian pragmatism in dealing with border instability'No peace in economy without peace at border'Banning of Chinese apps

However,

CONVERGENCES:-

1. echoes idea of multipolar world

2. Not in favour of some unilateral sanctions

3. Mediation of peace in region (ex: India on Russia Ukraine war 'This is not an era of war')

Way forwards:-

India & China must ensure dialogue by diplomacy led peace on border

utilise large demography for an ASIAN ERA
share tech & markets for supply chain adherence
Voice she needs & equalise of global south
put collective fight against sea climate change & terrorism
Deciphement on Pakistan convergence between these two is indeed crucial for not just a saleme geopolitry but handle rising complexities
461 words8 paragraphs11 bullet points

Conclusion

These systems can call for a 'local to global' orientation in solution to complexities Convergence between these two is indeed crucial for not just a saleme geopolitry but handle rising complexities

31 words

Diagram

Venn diagram showing convergence between India and China with overlapping circles labeled 'India', 'China', and 'CONVERGENCES' showing areas of mutual interest

Answer continues on next page
This is a continuation from previous page
  • Comprehensive coverage of neo-liberal reform effects
  • Links constitutional provisions (DPSP, A.42, 51A) to contemporary issues
  • Cites specific case laws and recent data (OXFAM 2023)
  • Proposes concrete reform mechanisms with real examples (Kudumbashree)
  • Addresses multiple dimensions: legal, social, technological, economic
  • Clear structural approach (Rival reasons → Convergences → Way forward)
  • Uses contemporary geopolitical strategy frameworks (string of pearls, necklace of diamonds)
  • Provides specific examples from current affairs
  • Acknowledges multidimensional aspects (economic, military, diplomatic, technological)
  • Offers concrete suggestions for future cooperation

Topper

Annapurna Singh

2023

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Government Policies and Interventions - Design, Implementation and Issues

Welfare State and Service Delivery

Challenges in Service Delivery Post-LPG Reforms

Writing Stats

531

Total words

8

Paragraphs

11

Bullets

formal, analytical, structured

Tone