AJ

ANKIT JARWALAIR 205· 2025

Question Q.17GS1GS2

What are the geographical factors responsible for the growth of mangrove vegetation in India? Also highlight its role in coastal ecology.

Open scan (p.40)

Main Body

According to Forest Survey India state of forest report, India has a 4991 km² mangrove area in India.

Geographical factors in growth of mangrove:

1high salinity environment
2continue mud, flow and new sediment deposition
2anaerobic root environment, i.e. low O2 conditions

(ii) high energy requirement

direct solar insolation, for growth.

Mangrove adaptation to challenging geographical area:

1sculent water & prevent ocean salt excretion proven leaves
2salt secreting glands to remove salt supply
3specific root system to support water flood condition (eg) Rhizophora, prop root stilted
4viviparity to reproduce in flood condition
5Bitter root to support ocean tidal action inflow and large size.

Role in coastal ecology:

1slime dine stabilization divert strong root network
2mitigating tropical cyclone impact
3castle & leads formation of beach by melting sand destabilizing
4ecological species as well as taught stock sites, kale, leaves, medicine etc

Threats – revealed n/e (5) NABA predicted item n/e between 1993 and 2019 degradation and reduction

(d) 2021 ISFR highlighted slight decline in mangrove. Our Indian has launched initiative like MSFR, global mangrove alliance etc to promote mangrove conservation and stability saturation coastal ecology.

195 words16 paragraphs
  • Identifies specific mangrove area coverage
  • Discusses environmental conditions for mangrove growth
  • Clear enumeration of factors
  • Detailed adaptations of mangrove species
  • Specific examples with Rhizophora
  • Explains physiological and morphological adaptations
  • Comprehensive role in coastal ecology
  • Includes conservation initiatives
  • Mentions threats and current data

Topper

ANKIT JARWAL

AIR 2052025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS2

Topic

Physical Geography

Ecology and Biodiversity

Mangrove Vegetation in India

Writing Stats

195

Total words

16

Paragraphs