The cooperative nature of Indian federalism is being increasingly challenged by emerging differences in Centre-State relations. Discuss. What steps can be taken to strengthen the cooperative spirit of Indian federalism?

Cooperative federalism is the essential feature of our Democracy wherein the different states along with centre come together and work for balanced and proper growth.

Challenges faced by Centre-State Relations:

# Division of states between Centre and states are disproportionate.

# All India Services are allocated by centre (DoPT) and the states do not have much autonomy in it.

# States depend upon the centre devolution of funds like GST Compensation, Finance Commission devolution.

# States do not have much autonomy in bills passage as Governor is in the centre appointee. (Ref) Recent instances of Tamil Nadu, Punjab Government clashing that governor withholds the bills.

Steps taken to strengthen the Cooperative federalism:

Parliamentary privileges are provided to the MPs by the Constitution as per the mandate of Article 105 of the Constitution.

No Scrutiny against the MP, for anything said in house in court.

Permission of chair is needed on arrest.

These privileges are given to MPs to discharge their duty in more efficient and transparent manner.

However, the problems with the privileges are:

Need for Responsible exercise of these privileges:

Way forward:

# Introduce the training session for MPs and MLAs

# Stringent law for misuse of privilege & powers.

Hence these privileges are to be used in the best and effective manner.

Fundamental Rights (Part III) are the essential feature of our Constitution. It has several rights which empowers the citizen to live a life with basic human needs. However, there are certain restrictions on it:

Here the ordinary rights do not

junction.

However there are fine balance between the individual instects and societal interests as:

Hence, these rights are used only to an extent it provided the balance with the societal needs & norms.