AS

Abhishek Singh· 2023

GS1GS1

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Introduction

Gandhian phase of the National movement brought in new set of ideas, philosophies and added would to the Souls of the National movt. Assess the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in India's freedom struggle.

34 words

Main Body

Madras Mahajan Sabha : Creating awareness among people.

National level:

Indian league by Sisir Kumar: Aims to infuse sense of Nationalism among mass.

Indian National association by Surendranath Banerjee

Global:

East India's Association in London by Dada Bhai Naoroji

Pre Congress Campaigning:

Increasing Indian representation
Fair trade policy
Separation of judiciary & executive
Reforms in Civil services & Judiciary (Albert Bill) etc

Earlier initiatives created pertinent ground for creation of INC in 1885

The revolt of 1857 called the first war of independence [was neither 'first' nor a 'war of Independence']. Discusses.

D.C. Nagundar has said 1857 revolt was neither first, nor National, nor war of Independence.

Neither first war:

1Tribal Revolts: before 1857 many violent tribal revolts have happened eg: Sannyasi revolt.
2Civil uprising: many civil grievances empowered against govt before 1852 eg: Poligar revolt.
3Military: Before 1857 many mutinies on small scale have happened. For eg: Vellore mutiny (1806)

Neither war of Independence:

4Lack of Consciousness: about so stated real extent of Subjugation among people.
5Regional issues: revolts happened to solve specific grievances of a region & [not] for whole country.
6Local leadership only interested in securing their own interests.
7No broad level Coordination during revolt.

Achievements:

Real face of British exposed
Stopped annexation policy
Beginning of Nationalist feelings
Rethinking by British

1857 revolt was important because it was first instance of such large scale participation against mighty British

Gandhian phase of the National movement brought in new set of ideas, philosophies and added would to the Souls of the National movt. Discuss.

Various ideas, philosophies emerged during Gandhian phase in response to Gandhian parties & various other factors.

New Ideas, Philosophies:

1Non violence: Gandhiji adopted Satyagraha based on truth & non violence. es: Champaran.
2New Socialist & Marxist trend: Emerged within Congress es: Nehru, Planning Commission (Haripura session), Added element of class struggle, Influenced by Soviet revolution.
3Revolutionary activity with Socialism: es: Bhagat Singh's HRA, during Sen era etc.
4Swaraj's Council entry to open a new front of struggle es: Motilal Nehru
5No-changers: Constructive work for es: Rajendra Prasad
6Hindu Nationalists es: RSS and Hindu maharashtra.
7Trade unionism: Formation of AITUC & Trade unions act.
8Business associations like ASSOCHAM & FICCI
9Students union: Nehru presided over Bengal students union.
10Dalit's & Peasants struggle es: Harijan campaign, Bardoli Satyagraha.

We may question the various approaches & methods followed by them but cannot question their intentions.

Assess the role of Subhash Chandra Bose in India's freedom struggle.

Mahatma Gandhi called Bose the 'prince among patriot'.

Role of Subhash Chandra Bose:

1Political role:
Served as president of Bengal Provincial Congress Committee & wrote weekly "Swarajya"
President of INC in Haripura & Tripuri session.
Founded forward bloc after resigning from Congress.
Along with Nehru he founded Indian Independence league to gain immediate Swaraj.
Socialist: Advocated welfare of lower class.
2Economic role: Member of Economic planning committee of Congress
3Military role:
Formation of Azad Hind Government in Singapore & declared war on British
Commanded Indian National army
4Social role:
Women empowerment: Very radical idea. Created Rani Thansi Regiment es INA. Advocated equality of men & women es all areas.
Against Caste rigidities & untouchability
Supported inter caste marriage
Secular approach to life

Bose was a man of action and not just talks. His contribution both in and outside country contributed immensely to struggle.

591 words20 paragraphs19 bullet points

Conclusion

1857 revolt was important because it was first instance of such large scale participation against mighty British. We may question the various approaches & methods followed by them but cannot question their intentions. Bose was a man of action and not just talks. His contribution both in and outside country contributed immensely to struggle.

54 words

This is a continuation from previous page
  • Systematic listing of national and global organizations
  • Clear connection to INC formation
  • Mentions key personalities
  • References scholarly perspective (D.C. Nagundar)
  • Provides concrete examples before 1857
  • Categorizes into tribal, civil, and military
  • Identifies key limitations comprehensively
  • Balances critique with achievements
  • Clear conclusion on significance
  • Comprehensive coverage of philosophical shifts
  • Mentions key ideological trends
  • Includes specific examples and personalities
  • Comprehensive enumeration of diverse movements
  • Includes social aspects beyond political
  • Balanced conclusion acknowledging diversity
  • Clear categorization of roles
  • Includes Gandhi's assessment
  • Specific positions and achievements
  • Comprehensive social reform ideas
  • Highlights progressive stance on women and caste
  • Strong conclusion on action vs. words
  • Covers multiple dimensions of role

Open original scan

Page 10

Topper

Abhishek Singh

2023

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Pre-independence Indian History

Social Reform Movements

19th Century Social Reform Organizations

Writing Stats

679

Total words

20

Paragraphs

19

Bullets

analytical-descriptive

Tone