Question Q2GS1GS1
The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by various climatic factors. Critically examine the role of oceanic & atmospheric factors in determining the intensity & distribution of monsoon rainfall in India.
Main Body
The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by various climatic factors. Critically examine the role of oceanic & atmospheric factors in determining the intensity & distribution of monsoon rainfall in India.
Indian monsoon is the seasonal reversal of winds over Indian Subcontinent. It is dependent on multiple factors interplaying together.
Role of Ocean's factors
1Mascarene high: High pressure near Madagascar island acts as trigger factor. Strong high → more intensity of monsoon.
2Role of Somali jet stream: It helps in creating high
3Role of El-Nino (Reversal for LaNina): It takes away moisture from Southwest westerly wind → reduces intensity of monsoon → may lead to drought & poor distribution of rainfall.
4Indian Ocean dipole pole: Positive → Counters El nino (more rain). Supports La-Nining (monsoon). Negative → Adds to El nino (drought). Counters La-Nining (drought)
Role of Atmospheric factors
1Madden Julian oscillatory: It is wave of high & low pressure of atmosphere → can enhance & decrease the rainfall intensity & distribution.
2Westerly jet stream (WJS): With disappearance of WJS & onsetting of easterly jet stream, low pressure over Tibet is created → sudden burst of monsoon.
Other factors which impact intensity & distribution:
1Topography: orographic rain occurs at western ghats, North east etc (Also Himalayas direct monsoon with). (2) Western disturbances bring winter rain in N west area.
3Climate change: Monsoon is a complex phenomenon & is yet to be fully understood. So more research is needed.
247 words4 paragraphs
Answer continues on next page
- Structured approach with clear categorization of ocean factors
- Technical terminology used correctly (Mascarene high, Somali jet stream)
- Explains cause-effect relationships between factors and monsoon intensity
- Covers atmospheric oscillations affecting monsoon
- Mentions WJS to EJS transition
- Includes topographic factors
Topper
Abhishek Singh
AIR 17473118689912023
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Indian Monsoon
Oceanic and Atmospheric Factors
Determinants of Monsoon Intensity and Distribution
Writing Stats
247
Total words
4
Paragraphs
Technical, academic
Tone