Main Body
For GS1 Q200: Indian Ocean tsunami (2004)
Liquefaction:
It happens due to saturation of soils
L & Q increases the rate of saturation
Relative Risks:
1Road blocking: due to landslides in Himalayan region (for eg: blocking of Kulo Manali highway 2022 landslide)
2Floods: 2013 Kedarnath flood caused due to glacial lake outburst
3Coastal infrastructure loss due to tsunami waves
4Displacement of people: especially of marginalized section & severely impacts child, women & old age persons
Huge cost to exchequer in rehabilitation, resettlement & infrastructure rebuilding.
Measures to be taken:
1Hazard mapping of potentially risky areas
2Disaster resilient infrastructure creation
3Advanced early warning systems => more R&D required
4Self defense & awareness technique should be spread
5Fund allocation: In Advance for their area. For eg: National & State disaster fund. India is highly prone to Earthquake (~59%) as it sits on a tectonic plate & diverse topography. Above steps should be taken to mitigate its effect.
166 words4 paragraphs2 bullet points
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- Connects multiple geophysical phenomena with real examples
- Includes specific case studies with dates
- Addresses social impacts comprehensively
- Comprehensive disaster management approach
- Includes financial and preparedness dimensions
- Acknowledges India's specific seismic vulnerability
Topper
Abhishek Singh
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Geophysical Phenomena - Indian Ocean Tsunami
Tsunami causes and impacts
Liquefaction and related risks
Writing Stats
166
Total words
4
Paragraphs
2
Bullets
prescriptive, policy-oriented
Tone