AS

Abhishek Singh

Question Q7GS1GS1

Discuss the ways in which earthquakes trigger secondary hazards such as landslides, tsunamis, & liquefaction. Assess the relative risks associated with their hazards. Propose measures that can be taken to mitigate their impact.

Open scan (p.18)

Main Body

Earthquake is sudden shaking of ground surface due to faulting & folding of tectonic plates.

Triggering Secondary Hazards:

1Landslides: EQ (weakens) soil bending → EQ disintegrates the rocks May cause glacial lakes to outburst. eg: Maldy landslide (1988)
2Tsunamis: EQ can displace large quantity of waters => huge energy is released & transformed into wave energy.
3Liquefaction: It happens due to ST/Saturday of soils. EQ increases the rate of saturation.

Relative Risks:

1Road blocking: due to landslides in himalayan region for eg: blocking of kullo manali highway (2022 landslide)
2Floods: 2013 kedarnath flood caused due to glacial lake outburst.
3Coastal infrastructure loss due to tsunami waves.
4Displacement of people: especially of marginalized section & severly impacts child, women & old age person.
129 words9 paragraphs
  • Clear classification of secondary hazards
  • Attempts to explain mechanisms of each hazard
  • Includes a specific case study
  • Provides specific examples of relative risks
  • Includes relevant case studies
  • Acknowledges social vulnerability

Topper

Abhishek Singh

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.

Earthquake-triggered secondary hazards

Landslides, tsunamis, liquefaction, and mitigation strategies

Writing Stats

129

Total words

9

Paragraphs

descriptive, analytical

Tone