AS

Abhishek Singh

Question Q6GS1GS1

Explain the mechanism of the Indian monsoon. What role do El-Nino & La-Nina play in its development over the Indian subcontinent?

Open scan (p.16)

Main Body

Indian monsoon is a phenomenon of seasonal reversal of winds blowing from ocean to land.

Mechanism of monsoon:

1Differential heating: of land surface & sea surface causes temperature difference.
2Pressure gradient: Tibetan plateau gets heated quickly Compared to sea. (Specific heat of sea is high eg. they tend) It creates pressure gradient.
3Wind blowing: from High pressure (Mascarene high) region in Indian Ocean to mainland fields.

Mechanism of monsoon:

1Differential heating: of land surface & sea surface causes temperature difference. --> LA pressure (tibetan plateau)
2Pressure gradient: Tibetan plateau gets heated quickly. Compared to sea. (Specific heat of sea is high eg. they tend) It creates pressure gradient.
3Wind blowing: from High pressure (Mascarene high) region in Indian Ocean to mainland fields.

Role of El-nino:

1El-nino is warming of central & eastern pacific ocean
2It shifts monsoons of south west indian ocean winds beneath Eastern side.
3Decrease in Rainfall in Indian Plains & increased rainfall on Peruvian Coast.
9[Drought] may set in due to less rainfall.
176 words11 paragraphs

Diagram

Pressure system and temperature differential showing Tibetan plateau influence on monsoon winds

  • Clear structure with numbered points
  • Explains pressure gradient mechanism well
  • Discusses El-Nino effects on Indian rainfall
  • Includes diagram for clarity

Topper

Abhishek Singh

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient features of World's Physical Geography

Indian monsoon mechanism and its drivers

Differential heating, pressure systems, and wind patterns in monsoon formation

Writing Stats

176

Total words

11

Paragraphs

technical, explanatory

Tone