The challenge of unbalanced and unbalanced growth of urban spaces in India necessitates reforms in urban planning and capacity. Discuss. (Answer in 250 words)

There has been urban sprawl in India which has led to the scene of unplanned urbanization defying urban amenities to all the urban dwellers.

Causes of unbalanced and unbalanced growth of urban space:—

1. Migration—due to employment, education. Census 2011—there we (15.6 C) internal migrants. Rapid population increase.

2. Use of urban space—urbanization not progressing at same rate as population growth.

3. Lack of civic amenities to dwellers.

4. Lack of people build holds.

5. High cost of land which leads to proliferation of slums (35:5 million slum dwellers).

Challenges caused due to unbalanced and unbalanced growth:—

A. Ecological challenges:—

1. Reduction in blue-green spaces.

2. Frequent deforestation, felling the faces.

3. Increase in concentration reduces water holding and recharge capacity of land.

4. Encroachment on flood plains.

5. Encroachment on flood plains.

(B) Challenges to humans:—

1. Limited quantitation, unhygienic facility.

2. Lack of people built holds.

3. Lack of human development by adequate provisions of health, education, skilling

4. Misuse in Slum dwellers.

(C) Social challenges:—

1. Lack of social integration

2. Jadeed (casted) societies have cailusion (C—gated) societies have cailusion

3. Intense in alienation of individuals leading to crime, drug trafficking.

Ways to tackle challenges:—

1. PM Aawas Yojana—aims to provide built houses in urban areas.

2. AMRUT 2.0—can ensure sustainability of urban infrastructure.

3. Swachh Bharat Mission—can improve sanitation in urban sprawls.

4. Light House Projects—under WHTC (World Housing Technology Challenge).

These will ensure SPA goal of sustainable cities and communities.