AM

Abhimanyu MalikAIR 60· 2023

Question Q.20GS2GS1

Communalism gains strength from economic deprivation and thrusts in environments of social exclusion, creating fertile ground for discontent and division. Convinm

Open scan (p.49)
AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Introduction

Communalism is defined as an ideology according to which society is divided into different religious communities having different secular interests, social, economic, political, cultural, etc. In simple terms, 'forming a political code in religion'.

34 words

Main Body

Strength from economic deprivation

1Religious distinctions coinciding with class distinctions
Hindu-Zamindar and Muslim Jotefar in erstwhile Bengal.
2Relative deprivation
real or perceived
one of reasons of partition of India.
3Disparities among different religious communities
highlighted by Sachar Committee

Thesis with Social Exclusion

a) lack of cultural integration

Ghettoization
Stereotyping
Hostile attitudes toward each other.

b) Political Manipulation

religious outfits, political parties.

c) Elite power struggle

Socially excluded religious communities used as tools.
eg. Hindu honyolders and Muslim Zamindar in erstwhile Punjab.

Grounds for discontent and division

i) mutually hostile interests

secure communization
eg Two nation theory

ii) Demand for secession

eg. Pakistan

iii) Religious Fundamentalism

violent offshoot of communalism
eg JeI in Bangladesh, IBIs

iv) Communal riots

eg Jablpur, Muzafarnagar, Babri Masjid riots.

v) Further social-societal isolation

Threat to national unity and multiculturalism (core values of Constitution).

Way forward

Short-term:

Role of NGOs, civil society for harmony.
Banning of religious outfits.
Checking hate speech.

Long-term:

Inclusive growth & development.
value based education.
Eradicate primary journey & unemployment.
193 words17 paragraphs23 bullet points
  • Connected economic deprivation to communal tensions with specific examples
  • Identified role of political manipulation and elite power struggle
  • Provided concrete historical examples from Bengal and Punjab
  • Suggested both short-term and long-term solutions
  • Referenced Sachar Committee findings

Open original scan

Page 49

Topper

Abhimanyu Malik

AIR 602023

Subject & Paper

GS2GS1

Topic

Indian Society

Communalism and Social Division

Causes and Effects of Communalism

Writing Stats

227

Total words

17

Paragraphs

23

Bullets

Analytical and structured

Tone