AB

Aayushi BansalAIR 7· 2024

Question Q.15GS3GS1

Examine the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle and suggest suitable mitigation and adaptation strategies to contain the harmful implications.

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AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Introduction

Hydrological cycle refers to circulation of water in atmosphere, & hydrosphere, lithosphere & biosphere.

14 words

Main Body

Hydrological cycle refers to circulation of water in atmosphere, & hydrosphere, lithosphere & biosphere.

(Atmosphere — cloud; Evaporation — plant (bio); sea (hydro); (rivers, lakes, etc.))

Fig: Hydrological cycle.

Impacts of climate change on hydrological cycle

1Rising global temperature — higher evapotranspiration
2Higher moisture holding capacity of air — cumulonimbus clouds — strong convectional rainfall — most intense precipitation
3Higher intensity cyclones formation — eg Paulette, Imphon
4Cases of flash floods — cloud bursts — high rains within a short duration in a concentrated area (>10cm/hour).
5Erosive rainfall — drought & flash drought

(eg) — Chennai faces both drought & urban floods.

Mitigation strategies

1Carbon greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions control — fossil fuel reduction — renewable energy (solar, wind) — Paris climate goal 1.5°C
2Carbon capture, use & storage (CCUS)

Adaptation strategies

1Disaster management — embankments & natural development for drought
2Use of mulch, edapholes — to prevent excess soil evaporation (climate change must be halted & several lives & livelihood depend on water).
2Higher moisture holding capacity of air → cumulonimbus clouds → strong convectional rainfall → most intense precipitation
3Higher intensity cyclones formation — eg Paulette, Imphon
4Cases of flash floods — cloud bursts — high rains within a short duration in a concentrated area (>10cm/hour).
5Erosive rainfall → drought & flash drought
(eg)Chennai faces both drought & urban floods.

Mitigation strategies

1Carbon greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions control → fossil fuel reduction → renewable energy (solar, wind) [Paris climate goal 1.5°C]
2Carbon capture, use & storage (CCUS)

Adaptation strategies

1Disaster management
embankments & natural development for drought
2Use of mulch, edapholes — to prevent excess soil evaporation

Cyclones as a hazard must be prevented to become major disasters.

1Higher moisture holding capacity of air → cumulonimbus clouds → strong convectional rainfall → most intense precipitation
2Higher intensity cyclones formation — eg Paulette, Imphon
3Higher intensity cyclones formation — eg Paulette, Imphon
4Cases of flash floods → cloud bursts → high rains within a short duration in a concentrated area (>10cm/hour).
5Erosive rainfall → drought & flash drought
(eg)Chennai faces both drought & urban floods.

Mitigation strategies

1Carbon greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions control → fossil fuel reduction → renewable energy (solar, wind) [Paris climate goal 1.5°C]
2Carbon capture, use & storage (CCUS)

Adaptation strategies

1Disaster management
embankments & natural development for drought
2Use of mulch, edapholes — to prevent excess soil evaporation

(Climate change must be halted & several lives & livelihood depend on water.)

Mitigation strategies

1Carbon greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions control
fossil fuel reductionrenewable energy (solar, wind) [Paris climate goal 1.5°C]
2Carbon capture, use & storage (CCUS)

Adaptation strategies

1Disaster management
embankments & natural development for drought
2Use of mulch, edapholes — to prevent excess soil evaporation

[Mitigation strategies]

1Carbon greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
fossil fuel reductionrenewable energy (solar, wind) [Paris climate goal 1.5°C]
2Carbon capture, use & storage (CCUS)

[Adaptation strategies]

1Disaster management
embankments & natural development for drought
2Use of mulch, edapholes — to prevent excess soil evaporation (climate change must be halted & several to gain citizens & livelihood, hopefully depend on water).
557 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Climate change must be halted & several lives & livelihood depend on water. Climate change must be halted & several to gain citizens & livelihood, hopefully depend on water.

29 words

Diagram

Hydrological cycle diagram showing atmosphere with clouds, evaporation from plant (bio) and sea (hydro), and rivers/lakes (etc.)

  • Comprehensive definition of hydrological cycle
  • Clear diagram showing the cycle
  • Good linkage between climate change impacts and hydrological cycle
  • Practical examples like Chennai case
  • Balanced coverage of mitigation and adaptation
  • Mentions specific cyclone examples
  • References Paris climate goal
  • Systematic presentation of strategies
  • Use of arrows showing cause-effect relationships
  • Specific quantitative data (>10cm/hour)
  • Integration of mitigation and adaptation strategies
  • Inclusion of case studies
  • Clear enumeration of impacts
  • Clear distinction between mitigation and adaptation strategies
  • References Paris climate targets
  • Practical examples of adaptation measures
  • Concise presentation of key strategies
  • Systematic organization of strategies

Open original scan

Page 31

Topper

Aayushi Bansal

AIR 72024

Subject & Paper

GS3GS1

Topic

Important Geophysical Phenomena and Environmental Issues

Climate Change

Climate change and hydrological cycle

Writing Stats

600

Total words

1

Paragraphs

technical and explanatory

Tone