Question 14GS1GS1

Discuss the geographical conditions responsible for the development of shola forests in the upper reaches of the Western Ghats. Highlight their ecological significance. (Answer in 250 words)

Main Body

Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot as per UN has major global biodiversity. Forest such as Evergreen, deciduous and Shola tree.

Shola Forest Geographical features

Condition:

1high altitude (4500m) Shola forest lies on mountain a seen (Sattyamadan range) Western Ghats

2Cool temperature: mild for seeds ripening

3mountain latitude: mix of land, soil, clay

4High humidity: across year for maintaining e) South-western+ North-east sain Tamil Nadu.

Threats to Shola forest:

1Deforestation on the coimmotive

2Land-mining in geology

3United protection outside National park

4Black soot: reducing photosynthesis

Thus allocation of mammals Jali national park Tamil Nadu Shola developed policy as right step and Kasturiangan committee recommendation will preserve Shola forest.

5limited human intervention: restricting condition and isolation

6Biodiversity: for pollination and feed dispersal

7high slopes (steep) with parallel surface plain for growth.

Ecological Significance:

1Biodiversity hotspot: due to isolated high altitude e) Nilgiri's Tahr TN

2Carbon sequestration: high to due everlong sequestration.

3Unique plants species supported in forest normally not found eg) Rhododendron (normally Himalayan seen in western ghats)

4Food: (supporting service) for food-web and ecosystem.

5Nutrient cycling: for nutrient load eg) Nitrogen

6Prevent soil erosion though deep roots

7Pollination: impact of urban centre life (Coimilutive) reduce.

8Cutlery: suspected by tribes such as Irular

Threats to Shola forest

1Deforestation on the coimmotive

2Land-mining in geology

3United protection outside National park

4Black soot: reducing photosynthesis

Thus allocation of mammals Jali national park Tamil Nadu Shola developed policy as right step and Kasturiangan committee recommendation will preserve Shola forest.

266 words6 paragraphs

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Topper

Aakash Om Trivedi

AIR 732024

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient features of World's Physical Geography

Geographical features and their distribution

Shola forests - geographical conditions and ecological significance

Writing Stats

266

Total words

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone