The Indian Ocean is warming at an alarming rate. How may it affect the food security of India?
Introduction
According to FAO, world could see reduction in agricultural and fisheries productivity by 30% by 2050 if climate change continued at this pace.
23 words
Main Body
Ocean pollution, Indian Ocean 0.9°C rise in temperature, climate change, shipping pollution, marine heat waves, ENSO, dipolar effect. Effect on food security of India: (1) Fisheries/Aqua production: reduced by 20% with 2°C increase (FAO) (2) India 2nd largest fisheries producer (3) Effect on Monsoon: this can hamper food grains production, disrupting monsoon cycle when 50% of agriculture is rainfed (4) Increasing Drought spasm: High pressure belt over Indian ocean leads to El-NINO situation => reduced rainfall (5) Heat waves frequency: (1900-2000) saw 27% in cases in heatwaves frequency (IMD) => crop failure (6) Pest Attacks: like locusts attack due to increased temperature and humidity (7) Post-harvest losses: due to increased temperature perishability, will decrease (already 20% losses) => NITI Aayog (8) Increased cyclones @ Amphau in Gujarat (37%): in case of cyclones in Arabian sea in last 25 years => (IMO) => destruction of crops and livelihood.
Conclusion
Now, we need to mitigate these effects and adapt to make our agriculture climate resilient. Way forward: (1) Mitigating climate change through green technology, EWSDT (2) Behavioral change: LIFE Moyt (3) Climate resilient seeds for food crops like HYV seeds (4) Diversification of food basket (eg: inclusion of Milleta) (5) Acqua-culture strategy: Hydro-phonics, acquaponics, et (6) International collaboration for technology and finance transfer (eg: GEF of UNFCCC). India still has 23 core multidimensionally poor people and 15.7% of mal-nutrition, over and above this food insecurity is lost they India wants.
90 words
Diagram
Flow diagram showing Indian Ocean 0.9°C rise in temperature and its effects through ENSO, including connections to climate change, shipping pollution, marine heat waves, and dipolar effect
- Comprehensive coverage of multiple impacts on food security
- Use of official data and statistics (FAO, IMD, NITI Aayog)
- Clear cause-and-effect relationships
- Includes mitigation strategies and way forward
VIVEK SINGH
Important Geophysical Phenomena and their effects
Ocean Warming and Climate Change
Indian Ocean warming and food security implications
260
Total words
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Paragraphs
Academic and analytical
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