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★ Topography - Steep topography of peninsular blocks of permanent rocks which groundwater flows through groundwater.

★ Economic factors:

1. Agriculture - the growing of water intensive crop in the scarce region eg. Basmati Rice in Punjab.

2. Virtual water trade - Best account for 15000 liters of water for 1 kg product. India is largest producer of Rice.

★ Political:

1. Free electricity to farmers cause indiscriminate use of groundwater.

2. MSP is skewed towards wheat 2 zinc, which results into production even in non-suitable agro climate zones.

3. Sugarcane FRP is also causing water waste.

4. Non availability of efficient water techniques on affordable scale. Water as a resource is thought renewable but it's finite, it must be preserved and policies like 8 Composite Water Management Index, Watershed management, etc be implemented in all their capacity.