SS

Suvan SharmaAIR 148

Question 15GS1GS1

Mountains are fragile ecosystems vulnerable to the adverse impact of climate change and other anthropogenic interventions. Illustrate with examples. Also, highlight the initiatives taken for their sustainable management.

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AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Introduction

Mountains are geomorphological landforms created due to processes such as plate movement, faulting etc. They harbour significant ecosystems which have become very fragile due to climate change and associated activities of Himalayan ecosystem.

33 words

Main Body

Mountains are geomorphological landforms created due to processes such as plate movement, faulting etc. They harbour significant ecosystems which have become very fragile due to climate change and associated activities of Himalayan ecosystem.

Ecosystem fragility [boxed]:

(B) Climate change refers to long-term changes in climate due to natural & anthropological factors.

1Adverse impact: (a) Global warming is leading to melting of glaciers, leading to disruption of ecosystem.

[continues]

According to IMD, global warming is leading to melting of glaciersleads to disruption of ecosystem.

TEQ Invasive species from upstream

(b) GHG emissions: disrupts avian ecosystem

TEQ Particulate matter emissions

(c) Reduced albedo of mountain ice due to depositiondisrupts movements of birds

(d) Premature fertilisations due to different temperatures in mountain deer.

II. Anthropological Interventions:

1Unplanned development [TEQ Toshimath]
2Tourism [TEQ Kedimath]
3Mining activities [TEQ Niyamgin hills]
4degradation of Western Ghats
5Urbanisation leading to degradation of mountain forests → [TEQ Shola forests]
6Reduced montane flora. [TEQ Neelahurin]
7Hunting & Poaching [TEQ] extinction of wildlife species, vulnerable Snow leopard.
InitiativesNational Mission on Sustainable Habitat, Boreal Hangul Project Snow leopard (CSIR).

Mountain ecosystems are fine qua non for achieving SDG 14 (life above land). Steps taken are in the right direction.

211 words18 paragraphs

Conclusion

Mountain ecosystems are fine qua non for achieving SDG 14 (life above land). Steps taken are in the right direction.

20 words

Diagram

Diagram showing relationships between wind, carbon-water interactions, weather processes, and chemical deposition in ecosystem fragility context

  • Addresses both natural causes and anthropogenic factors
  • Mentions specific impacts like glacier melting
  • Structured approach with clear categorization
  • Comprehensive listing of anthropogenic impacts
  • Specific examples with case studies for each intervention
  • Links to SDG 14 - makes answer globally relevant
  • Includes both problems and initiatives

Open original scan

Page 38

Topper

Suvan Sharma

AIR 148

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Mountain Ecosystems and Climate Change

Fragility of mountain ecosystems and human impacts

Climate change effects on Himalayan ecosystems

Writing Stats

264

Total words

18

Paragraphs

explanatory, structured with categorization

Tone