GS1GS1

The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by various climatic factors. Critically examine the role of oceanic and atmospheric factors in determining the intensity and distribution of monsoon rainfall in India.

Main Body

The south westerly monsoon winds that blow over Indian subcontinent create the unique monsoon type climate in India.

It is a complex phenomena influenced by various factors -

[Diagram description: Map of India showing pressure systems, ITCZ shift, Tropical easterly jet stream, and pressure high system]

1The El-Niño effect that causes calding of Indian and western pacific water reduces intensity of monsoon

2The La-nina effect of warming of water increases the intensity

3Accumulation of warm water near african shore -

[notation: iintensifies, we ?surprises]

4Indian Ocean dipole - [ties these]

Role of atmospheric factors -

1The flow of tropical easterly jetstream from Tibetan region creates bursts in monsoon

2Movement of pressurized depressions from pacific also leads to high intensity monsoon

3Cyclonic disturbances disturbs the wind shears and thus suppresses monsoon in bay of bengal region

4Madani Oscillation is also considered to increase the intensity of monsoon

5Further the development of localized phenomena as Somali jetstream - pushes more wind creating high intensity rains

6The shift in phenomena of ITCZ is the major cause of creating low pressure and thereby monsoon winds.

These phenomena affect the monsoon which thereby affects the lives and pattern of living in India.

211 words13 paragraphs

Diagram

Map showing ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone), tropical easterly jetstream, pressure high and low pressure systems influencing monsoon winds over Indian subcontinent

Starts with clear definition
Includes visual aid (diagram)
Sets up systematic explanation
Distinguishes between oceanic and atmospheric factors
Explains mechanisms of each factor
Shows interconnections between systems
Mentions localized phenomena (Somali jetstream)
Connects atmospheric mechanism to ITCZ
Provides conclusion linking to human impact

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Page 42

Topper

Surabhi Srivastava

AIR 562023

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Important Geophysical Phenomena

Monsoon System

Factors influencing Indian monsoon

Writing Stats

211

Total words

Paragraphs

explanatory and technical

Tone