What are the circumstances that led to the disintegration of the USSR and the end of the Cold War? How did the end of the cold war contribute to the spread of Globalization across the world?

The USSR ended in 1991 under Gorbachev, creating history by ending the infamous Cold War.

Circumstances leading to USSR disintegration:

(i) Political conditions: Gorbachev was the political head, who had increasing talks with the West - towards peace.

(ii) Political drift away from the hardcore communist/socialist leadership of Lenin and Stalin.

(iii) Economic lockdown: Gorbachev abolished/dishonoured economic reforms.

(iv) Geopolitical situation: The world was tearing out due to an emerging war. Home face created threats of human destruction. eg. Chernobyl Crisis.

(v) Perestroika - structural reform (through emphasis on capitalism growth.

(vi) Glasnost - opening up of the economy.

(vii) Essential breakdown of the socialist system had caused economic slowdown and stagnant growth.

(viii) Geopolitical situation: The world was tearing out due to an emerging war. Home face created threats of human destruction. eg. Chernobyl Crisis.

(ix) Non-aligned movement gave strength in its call for peace and national sovereignty.

The end of the Cold War signified an end to political, economic and social rivalries, creating space for expansion and globalization.

End of Cold War contributed to Spread of Globalisation:

(i) Reduced polarity and opened up trade between earlier hostile nations; eg. US-Russia trade opened up, creating markets and space for transfer of economic and social factors.

(ii) Emergence of bipolarity and as a many understanding of the importance of balanced global scenario. This led to rise of regional trade and new bilateral bilateral negotiations.

(iii) Reduced war [eg Vietnam war and Korean war] allowed for industry to produce goods & services instead of weapons.

(iv) Spending on economy, R&D and tourism instead of defence.

Peace wartime a desadvantage of globalisation & cultural amalgamation.