Outlining the various cyber threats faced by India, assess the state of the country's preparedness to deal with the same.

Cybersecurity is the emerging domain of warfare and crime for any nation.

Cyber threats faced by India

(I) Attacks on critical infrastructure - e.g. Kudankulam powerplant - cyber attack

(II) Cyber terrorism - attack on sensitive cyber data of army

(III) Financial frauds using cyber domain - harming economic integrity of nation

(IV) Personal & sensitive data stolen and being sold on darknet & remote data leak

(V) Spamming, spoofing, coordinated attacks - denial of service

Country's preparedness

(I) National cyber security policy - guiding document

(II) National cyber security strategy

(III) Institutional structures

a) CERT - In - Computer Emergency Response Team

b) NCIIPC - National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre

c) IAC - Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre

(IV) Apps and programs

Challenges present:

There is a need to enhance digital literacy & cyber hygiene along with boost in cyber security spending to mitigate the challenges.