ST

SHREYA TYAGIAIR 31· 2024

Question 13GS1GS1

The National Emergency of 1975 was declared on the grounds of 'internal disturbance' by PM India Gandhi. Why was it termed for National Security and Unity?

Open scan (p.32)

Main Body

The National emergency of 1975 was declared on the grounds of 'internal disturbance' by PM India Gandhi.

Why touted for National Security and Unity:

1Breakdown of the congress system → instability
2Emergence of 'IMS-National free' eg communist, VHP, RSS, etc
3"Revolutionary waging the gaph in wrong direction" eg JP Narayan's total struggle
4Large scale poverty & slow economic growth eg 2.9% growth rate → hindu grain rate.

Darkest hour of Post Independence:

1Suppression of civil liberties eg taking away fundamental rights & Article 32 suspended
2Lack of legal recourse.
3Arrest & imprisonment of enemies of the leaders eg JP Narayen, AB Vaijayee
4Subjugation of Judiciary eg AN Roy made CHF likewise two seniors (MK Sharma)
5Disappointing court judgements eg ADM Jalalpur case.
6Usurping power of parliament & Sudela eg 44th amendment Act → Mini constitution.

Lessons & insights:

1Emergency procedure toughened → Parliamentary passage in two months.

Mangrove are salt resident viviparus trees that are able to survive in marshe and at estuaries & seclude.

Role & coastal ecology of esturay:

Ecology:

1buffers are coastline - protects from disaster
2Home to wide biodiversity and flora & fauna eg Royal Bengal Tiger → sundarbans

eg kharaa carmel - kutch.

2Prausidoe green courel → aduits low oxygen.
4endamgus plants & annuals
5bugger coastline from silt collection and educations

Economic role &

1timber of sandani tree → shading experience
2home to fisheries
3weave cunative money → spent on dhoaster side education
4High TEEB → economic cost of ecosystem

Reason behind decinction:

1Timber collection
2Exploitation of fisheries and rose violility eg alligator meat
3Decreased flow of river → silt collection → discharge of mangrove
4Pollution → Eg oil pollution
5Deemation for covertation → Eq creation of ceases
6Rising sea level → deemation

Way ahead:

1Smelist protection → envaranted protection.
2Law on CRZ → made strong
3Taxing invasive also species eg Latuma Comada that invaded Sundarbans mangrove.
4Following Ramsar wetland guidelin

Mangrove are as a natural purification method and true are known as nature's kidneys.

360 words8 paragraphs

Conclusion

Mangrove are as a natural purification method and true are known as nature's kidneys.

14 words

Diagram

Diagram showing mangrove spread in India with labels for Rami Gujarati, Pidhavaran, Sundabarn, Kayle & mangrove, and Andaman Nicobar

  • Identifies multiple causes for Emergency declaration
  • References contemporary ideological movements
  • Links economic and political factors
  • Comprehensive coverage of Emergency impacts
  • Mentions specific constitutional amendments
  • Identifies key figures and cases
  • Highlights lessons learned
  • Clear definition of mangrove characteristics
  • Identifies ecological roles (coastal protection, biodiversity)
  • Uses specific examples (Royal Bengal Tiger, Sundarbans)
  • Attempts to connect ecological and economic roles
  • Mentions specific economic value metrics (TEEB)
  • Lists multiple threats to mangrove ecosystems
  • Identifies multiple threats comprehensively
  • Proposes policy solutions
  • Uses apt metaphor for mangrove function
  • References international frameworks (Ramsar)

Topper

SHREYA TYAGI

AIR 312024

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization

Constitutional history

National Emergency of 1975

Writing Stats

374

Total words

8

Paragraphs

Analytical and structured with legal terminology

Tone