Question Q.12GS1GS1

Examine the causes that led to tribal unrest during British rule in India. Analyze the reasons for their limited success.

Main Body

Since the beginning of 18th century, due to British policy there uses rising resentment against the British Policy, under was vented out in form of various tribal unrest over the years.

[Eg: Ahil, Pakts, Senthal, Orams, Tripet Revolts, etc]

Reasons had led to Tribal Revolt

1Land Revenue Policies

British brought vast tracts of tribal land under land revenue schemes like Permanent Settlements, etc, which snatched away the traditional rights the tribals held over their land.

☞ Chhoti Uprising during [1912 led by Sevogram]

2Rise of outsiders

Often referred as "Dikus", then outsiders like moneylenders & zamindars, interfered in day to day activities at tribals.

☞ Bijamond Revolt

3Forest Rights & control of Produce

British wanted to exploit the forest resources for their own interest & they prevent tribals from cutting trees & collecting minor forest produce

☞ Mundai Revolt (1900)

4Rivalries among tribals

Conflicting tribes fought for land rights and over resources by British policy at divided rule

☞ Lankai revolt (1945).

5Interference in customary tribal traditions

British were against few tribal customs such as child marriage, Cannahuism, etc.

Why they didn't succeed?

1Fight with outdated army (bows, sticks), Hence couldn't match British military supremacy

2Lacked plan & programme

3Focused on violence & sometimes individual act of organisation

4Lack of unison between tribes against British

5Rivalries existed even among tribes

6Tribes experienced revolt after British correlation

7Superior British power

8Sometimes tried to established previous outdated practices

Even though, some revolts weren't successful, But many revolts like ☞Mundai & Santhal Shock registered in local area & established valuable local tradition of resistance to British.

281 words16 paragraphs

Comprehensive coverage of causes with specific examples
Clear delineation of reasons for failure
Uses specific tribal revolts as case studies
Balanced analysis showing both failures and limited successes

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Page 26

Topper

SHIVANSH SUBHASH JAGADE

AIR 262024

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present

Tribal Movements and Resistance to British Rule

Causes of Tribal Unrest

Writing Stats

281

Total words

Paragraphs