Question Q.17GS3GS1
India faces a grave water crisis due to soaring demand, pollution, and climate change, which necessitates urgent measures to ensure water security for all. Examine.
Introduction
India has 17% of the world population but only 4% available freshwater
12 words
Main Body
India has 17% of the world population but only 4% available freshwater at the world. & 71% of India's districts have vulnerability to water crisis. (As per CSE)
Reason for crisis:
(Soaring Demand)(1) 3Y: urban said holds; (2) 34Y: of population (NITI day ag); (3) Puts pressure on already limited resource; (4) Hydroelectric dependent plan (@ groundwater); (5) Ire: is the highest user of groundwater; (4) Groundwater dependent plan agriculture irrigation.
Pollution(1) Uranium, Fluoride pollution; (2) Untreated sewage discharged in river. (@) Ganga; (3) Industrial discharge energy into the river. (@) Bhopal in UP - groundwater contaminated; (4) Eutrophication led pollution; (5) Pesticide, Periodic farm fairing
Climate change(1) Increasing erratic rainfall pattern; (2) Increasing dry, drought cycle; (3) Increasing water demand; (4) For Rainwater Run-off due to landslides; (5) Increasing extreme weather events,
Measures to ensure water security for all:
1Sponge Cities. (@) China.
2Tackle Groundwater. (@) Bhojpal.
3Revise traditional water harvesting structures. (@) Baolis in Rajasthan.
4Sunita Narain in her book 'Dying Wisdom' calls for region specific water conservation techniques.
5Promoting Integrated Rainwater Management.
6Organic farming, reducing chemical pollution.
7Sewage treatment plants established. (@) Narendra Clean Yamuna George.
Hence, multifaceted 2 granular approach to tackle water security is needed.
213 words4 paragraphs
Topper
Satvik Sharma
AIR 3272025
Subject & Paper
GS3GS1
Topic
Water Resources and Environmental Management
Water Security and Crisis
Water crisis causes and solutions
Writing Stats
225
Total words
4
Paragraphs
solution-oriented and structured
Tone