SC

Sapna ChandelAIR 356· 2025

Question Q.4GS2GS1

Discuss the significance of the 1998 Pokhran nuclear tests as a transformative moment in India's post-independence history.

Open scan (p.29)

Introduction

Operation Smiling Buddha guard foundation of India's nuclear capability strengthened by 1998 by Pokhran Nuclear test.

16 words

Main Body

Operation Smiling Buddha guard foundation of India's nuclear capability strengthened by 1998 by Pokhran Nuclear test.

Reasons & background of Pokhran test:

1India - Pakistan conflict & deterrence to P+
2Nuclear energy for peaceful use
3Self-reliance - under Potsdam USA accord

Significance of the test:

1Establishment of the Nuclear doctrine by India
No first use policy
Minimum credible deterrence
2Peaceful capability development
3Attainment of Kargil & message of inevitable nuclear state

eq: Support flared in France during WWII

4Nuclear energy capacity over 500MWz and target for 100GW by 2047
5Civil Nuclear Agreement

CS 123 deal with USA

CS Japan etc. Strengthened Indo's capability

Issues:

1Nuclear place by Pokhstan
2USA sanctions against India
3Legacy law

Today India is aiming high for developing high for developed it's Nuclear Power capability with both internal-external, Internal factor & External (development

149 words10 paragraphs2 bullet points
Answer continues on next page
  • Comprehensive coverage of reasons and significance
  • Mentions both internal and external dimensions
  • References specific agreements and targets

Topper

Sapna Chandel

AIR 3562025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS1

Topic

Modern Indian History

Post-independence India

Nuclear tests and India's nuclear capability

Writing Stats

165

Total words

10

Paragraphs

2

Bullets

analytical

Tone