Governors in India often overstep their constitutional role and fail to act effectively when needed. Comment. (Answer in 250 words)

Governors are the constitutional head of states under Articles 152-153 of Constitution and act as de jure heads as per parliamentary form of government.

Governor play a triple role:

and are a ceremonial office for several years.

Overstep Constitutional Role:

(a) Arbitrary Invocation of Article 356 - to dismiss popularly elected state govt. Eg Bihar (2005)

(b) Over-reach: lack of powers of de jure head. Eg Not summning CM for release

(c) Obstruction in Governance - by utility on government

(d) Heart Deficit - due to vast powers but no responsibility. Eg TN Governer arbitrary tensor Minister

(e) Hopeless Development - due to speeded hindrance to work. Eg Not clearing pride files

(f) Genuine Need of Arbi. 356 - not invoked due to party politic. Eg Manipur

(g) Delay Bill - by not assenting for years then referred to President

(h) Swift Appointment - not made to state intertwine as they are chancellor ex-officio

(i) Development of Tribal Areas - under Arbi. 244 L/O schedule-VII hampered due to opacity of lack of will.

on passed bill & not assenting or rejecting a per Art. 200. Eg Raj, Kerala recall

(d) Heart Deficit - due to vast powers but no responsibility. Eg TN Governor arbitrary tension Minister

(e) Hopeless Development - due to speeded hindrance to work. Eg Not clearing pride files

(f) Fail to Act Effectively When Needed

(g) Genuine Need of Arbi. 356 - not invoked due to party politic. Eg Manipur

(h) Delay Bill - by not assenting for years then referred to President

(i) Swift Appointment - not made to state intertwine as they are chancellor ex-officio

(j) Development of Tribal Areas - under Arbi. 244 L/O schedule-VII hampered

Arbi. 244 L/O schedule-VII hampered due to opacity of lack of will.

(j) Partly Man - is surely party at Centre & dont generally act independently.

(k) Violate Parliamentary Norms - Eg TN Minister not ready Governs address

Solution -

Full independence to Governor (Sarkaria Commission)

No. arbitrariness: & security of tenure (BP Singh Case)

Decide on bill expediently (Andhri Commission)

Work with state for good governance (NCEDC)

Governor occupy high constitutional office & must act a friend, philosopher & guide to state government to promote state-led driven development (2nd ARC)