वामपंथी उग्रवाद के प्रति भारत की प्रतिक्रिया (कार्रवाई) में नक्सलवाद के मूल कारणों को दूर करने के लिए कठोर सुरक्षा उपायों के साथ-साथ सामाजिक-आर्थिक नीतियों और संवाद जैसे नरम दृष्टिकोणों/उपागमों (Soft approaches) को एकीकृत करने की आवश्यकता है। चर्चा कीजिए। India's response to left wing extremism needs to integrate soft approaches like socio-economic policies and dialogue along with hard security measures to address the root causes of Naxalism. Discuss.

Left wing Extremism refers to the adoption of violent means influenced by extremist ideology to overthrow the established government.

[Diagram: Map of India showing shaded region marked 'Most Affected Area (Red corridor)']

Root causes of LWEs

i) Grievances of locals (mostly tribals) channelised by the LWEs leaders to use violent means.

ii) Displacement due to development programs leading to loss of culture - detribalisation

iii) Exploitation and discrimination of people.

iv) Lethargy and improper implementation of government scheme and program for equitable development.

v) Regional disparities in development.

vi) Bureaucrat-politician nexus for selfish gains -> corruption etc.

vii) External support and funding to destabilise the country. (2.5 warfare strategy - NSA Doval)

Measures needed to address the root cause

soft approaches ->

Eg. Bharat Nidhi funds for mobile towers

Hard security measures ->

Eg. Recent killing of over 30 naxals in an operation.

Eg. Operation Greyhound.

Impact of Naxalism

-> Hinderance to socio-economic development of the country.

A comprehensive approach therefore is necessary which includes soft approach as well as hard security measure to tackle Naxalism. SAMADHAN strategy can help as multipronged approach in this regard.