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RuhaniAIR 5

Question Q.17GS1GS1

भारतीय मानसून जलवायु के विभिन्न कारकों द्वारा प्रभावित एक जटिल परिघटना है। भारत में मानसून वर्षा की तीव्रता और वितरण को निर्धारित करने में महासागरीय और वायुमंडलीय कारकों की भूमिका की समालोचनात्मक जांच कीजिए। The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by various climatic factors. Critically examine the role of oceanic and atmospheric factors in determining the intensity and distribution of monsoon rainfall in India. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks

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AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Introduction

The Indian monsoon is influenced by climate factors like temperature for oceanic and atmospheric pressure and present of systems like El Niño.

22 words

Main Body

ROLE OF OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC FACTORS IN DETERMINING THE INTENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF MONSOON ':-

EL NIÑO: It is an oceanic-atmospheric interaction in the Pacific Ocean that affects monsoon. It is caused due to weakening of South East Trade winds.
In Normal Year the South East trade winds pull water towards the Australian Coast → Thus, Darwin (in Australia) develops low pressure (LP) and due to upwelling of cold water, Tahiti (in Peru)

develops high pressure.

[Diagram showing Walker Cell Circulation in a Normal Year with arrows indicating circulation patterns between locations marked as HP (High Pressure), LP (Low Pressure), Darwin, Tahiti, SE Trade winds, and Peru/coastal areas]

Fig 1: Walker Cell Circulation in a Normal Year.

However, during El Niño, the South East trade winds weaken.
Hence, warm waters are not pushed as much towards Australia and there is little upwelling of cold water in Peru. Thus, Peru remains warm in Peru.
Thus, low pressure (LFP) develops in Peru and HP develops in Australia.
The normal walkers cell circulation gets disturbed and then, there is little South West Monsoon in India.
Thus, El Niño has a negative impact on Indian monsoon.

DISTRIBUTION OF MONSOON RAIN IN INDIA:

due to temperate cyclones in Mediterranean sea, western disturbances cause monsoon in North India during winters.
In summer, due to South west Monsoon winds, rain occurs in North India and East India.
It is however, due to western ghats, Pune lies in rainshadow area.
Similarly, during (winter), Tamil Nadu gets maximum rain due to North East trade winds.
Thus, monsoon is unevenly distributed across India.

Thus, monsoon is unevenly distributed across India.

282 words7 paragraphs2 bullet points

Conclusion

[This page shows only a section header with no conclusion visible]

11 words

  • Identifies key climatic factors
  • Explains El Niño mechanism
  • Specific geographical references

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Page 43

Topper

Ruhani

AIR 5

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient features of World's Physical Geography

Important Geophysical Phenomena

Indian monsoon - oceanic and atmospheric factors

Writing Stats

315

Total words

7

Paragraphs

2

Bullets

Formal analytical

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