RC

Ritika ChitlangiaAIR 55

Question Q.11Throw light uponGS1GS1

Throw light upon the importance of seals and sealings in the reconstruction of socio-economic and religious life of the Harappan people. Also, explain why many of the known Harappan settlements are in semi-arid regions.

Open scan (p.23)

Introduction

Harappan civilization is the beginning of history of Indian culture, a significant part of which is the seals and sealings.

20 words

Main Body

Importance of seals and sealings:

(A) Socio-Economic life:

1Seals were used for foreign trade

Eg.: Harappan seals found in Mesopotamia, Bahrain etc.

2Seals were also signs for education and writing => prevalence of literacy in the harappan settlements.

Eg.: Discovery of mathematical seals in Indus valley.

(B) Religious life:

1Seals were found near 'nativity goddass', and the 'ritual bath' => religious offerings, currency etc.
2Seals of animals were bull, tiger, rhinoceros etc. => animal worship and indicates the prevalence of 'cult' worshipping the pre-dence of [illegible] seals.

Eg.: Pashupati seals.

Location of Harappan settlements in semi-arid areas:

Many Harappan settlements were found in semi-arid areas because: [continues on next page]

[Continuation from page 5 - Location of Harappan settlement]

3Survival of Saraswati, Saraswati and Indus silver => Indus Valley settlements => close to the source of water.
2Presence of NC produced 'cotton call' => nearness to port locations.
3Nearness to port locations.

Eg.: Lothal => first ancient maritime dockyard => connecting it to Mesopotamia and Dilmun.

4Forests along the Travellee => wood for granaries, ritual baths etc.

Thus, planning and sustainable urbanization practices helped NC settlements to thrive in semi-arid areas.

199 words6 paragraphs

Conclusion

Thus, planning and sustainable urbanization practices helped NC settlements to thrive in semi-arid areas.

14 words

  • Good categorization of seals by socio-economic and religious aspects
  • Provides specific examples with locations

Topper

Ritika Chitlangia

AIR 55

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times

Pre Vedic

Harappan civilization and seals

Writing Stats

233

Total words

6

Paragraphs