Question Q17GS1GS1

India is home for 18% of global population but has access to only 4% of global water resources, this leads to grave water crisis.

Introduction

24 words

Main Body

Water crisis due to soaring demand:

1High population Pressure, thus increased water demand (Population - 1.4 billion in 2024)

2Water intensive industries in sunrise sectors.

[=> Semiconductor manufacturing]

3to Agricultural sector concerned towards water juggling crops like rice, sugarcane etc. => India as net 'water-exporter'

Water crisis due to Pollution:

1Soil pollution leading to poor percolation & recharge of saltwater.

2Existing water sources like rivers, lakes polluted due to industrial discharge.

3Heavy contaminants leaching into ground water making it unusable.

Water crisis due to Climate change:

1Irregular monsoons leading to water deficit.

2Phenomenon like Urban Heat Island, Heatwaves etc. amplify water need for survival.

Ocean Acidification rendering waste unsuitable for industrial use.

Measures for ensuring water security:

1Rainwater Harvesting through involvement of local population.

2Awareness campaigns on spending, reduce, reuse & recycle of water.

3Shift of agriculture towards low-intensive crops like Horticulture.

4Technological adoption for ocean desalting [=> Technology transfer from Israel.]

5Curbs on irrational borewells to get natural aquifer restore.

Water management is need of hour to ensure survival of present as well as future generations.

190 words17 paragraphs

Conclusion

Comprehensive water management through technological adoption, behavioral change, and strategic agricultural shift is essential for ensuring India's water security.

19 words

Clear problem statement
Identifies multiple causes
Links agriculture to water issues

Open original scan

Page 44

Topper

Prateek Joshi

AIR 1962024

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient features of World's Physical Geography

Water resources and distribution

Writing Stats

233

Total words

Paragraphs