Explain the factors contributing to the variability of the Indian monsoon. Also, discuss its multi-dimensional impact.

Multidimensional impact of monsoon variability - India receives 60% of fresh water needs from monsoon. Variability leads to drought and cloud water planisol. Economic implication - 60% of Indian Agriculture is rained. So it impacts agricultural productivity spilling over effect on other sectors of economy such as food processing. Political implication - Rivers arise due to decline in water flows. Kaveri River dispute. Migration from rural to urban. Measures to counter variability - Rain water Harvesting through open wells, Blue infrastructure, Spice city. Climate and Rein Resilient agriculture. Weather prediction and modelling with AD to quantum.