Question Q.15DiscussGS1GS1
"The tropical Indian Ocean is likely to be in a near-permanent heatwave state." Discuss the factors responsible for the rapid warming of the Indian Ocean along with its multi-dimensional impacts.
Introduction
Tropical Indian Ocean is warming quickly (rise in temp. in last decade in ~2°C).
14 words
Main Body
Factors responsible
1Increasing global warming: conducting effect on Indian Ocean.
2Melting of glaciers: heavy inflow of hot water.
3Increasing human activities in ocean near coastal zone Eg fisheries.
4Offshore economic activities Eg Bombay high.
5. Declining rainfall near oceans.
6Heat conduction from warm land surface.
7Ozone hole: direct interaction with solar rays.
8. Marine oil spills: furthering increasing temp.
9Positive feedback loop at arctic.
Multidimensional impacts
(I) ENVIRONMENTAL
1Ocean acidification: due to Carbonate ions.
2Rising O2 solubility → as Oxygen solubility [decrease] with temperature
3Widespread fishes mortality → due to less O2.
4Coral bleaching events Eg Lakshadweep & Zooxanthelle leaving polyps.
5Threat to mangroves ecosystem
6Erratic rainfall patterns
7Sea level rise → due to thermal expansion.
(II) ECONOMIC
1Monsoon vagaries for agriculture Eg droughts
2Dent to fisheries sector.
3. Shipping industries getting hit.
(III) OTHERS1) Disasters Eg cyclones
2) Increasing heatwave on land.
162 words8 paragraphs
Conclusion
India's Panchamrit goals can help containing rising sea level.
9 words
- Good factual data on temperature rise
- Multiple relevant factors listed
Topper
Nischal Jain
AIR 119
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Geography
Oceanography
Indian Ocean Warming
Writing Stats
185
Total words
8
Paragraphs