NG

Nidhi GoyalAIR 91

Question Q.19GS1GS1

Explain the Indian monsoon and its climatic factors.

Open scan (p.39)

Introduction

Indian monsoon can be defined as the seasonal reversal of winds that is provided around 75% of rainfall to Indian sub-continent.

21 words

Main Body

Trade winds

Climatic factors influencing monsoon:

1Differential heating of continent and ocean → due to differential heat capacity of sun → Causes pressure differences between continent & ocean → low pressure on land/continent in summers and high pressure in oceans surrounding.

Atmospheric oceanic factors:

1Differential heating of continent and ocean
2[Illegible] disturbances → high pressure conditions sometimes delay the onset of southwestern monsoon.
3Jet streams → help in increasing intensity of monsoon (e.g., Tibetan jet stream, Tomasi jet stream).
4Localized rainfall events due to convection currents caused by heating and resultant loss pressure.

Oceanic factors:

1Ocean currents → Warm ocean currents like Somali current → increase intensity of monsoon.
2El-Nino → off Abnormal heating of eastern pacific ocean and replacing of cold peruvian current → cause of deficient rainfall in India.
3La-Nina → Abnormal cooling of eastern pacific ocean → cause most rainfall in India.
153 words4 paragraphs

Diagram

Diagram showing Indian monsoon factors including Trade winds, Jet streams, Ocean currents, El-Nino, La-Nina, and differential heating of continent & ocean circulation patterns

  • Clear explanation of climatic factors
  • Includes oceanic factors like El-Nino and La-Nina
  • Diagram provided for visual clarity

Topper

Nidhi Goyal

AIR 91

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient features of World's Physical Geography

Climate and Weather systems

Indian Monsoon

Writing Stats

174

Total words

4

Paragraphs

technical and explanatory

Tone