सामूदायिक आर्थिक अभाव से वन ग्रस्त क्षेत्रों में प्रभावी और सामाजिक-आर्थिक मुद्दों को शामिल करने वाली सामाजिक विधान की एक परिकल्पना। इस्लामित कीजिए। - Slums are not 'problems' that have to be 'solved' - but are indeed a result of lopsided and vested urban policies covering infrastructure provision and socio-economic issues. Analyse. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks

Slums not 'problem' to be 'solved':

(i) faulty policies responsible for their growth.

(i) inclusive growth is not met. Slums are a sign of it

(iii) proper housing/shelter basis of Article 21 and Human Rights declaration

Slums result of lopsided and vested urban policies covering infrastructure and socio-economic issues:

Repaired and nested infrastructure provision:

(i) Amenities are provided to urban areas only. eg) Jal Sevran Mission expanded towards urban areas [affordably]

(ii) Absence of raising structures. eg) High house rents.

(iii) lack of government shelter homes and main 'bazaars' (night) homes

(iv) Absence of drainage and electricity.

(v) lack of funds availability to urban local bodies (Municipal Performance Index)

Socio-economic issues:

(i) Migration from rural to urban areas eg) 4.90 million internal migrants, census 2011

(ii) Absence of provisioning of foods.

Other socio-economic issues:

(i) Poverty and powerless society. eg) migrants during COVID

(ii) Absence of employment opportunities in rural areas. eg) disguised unemployment in agriculture