Analyze the factors behind the upsurge of ethnic identity struggle in the context of India, and discuss their implications for the country's social fabric. (Answer in 250 words) 15 marks

Ethnic identity struggle examples include Metti-Kurki manibus, Nagas seeking Greater Nagalim, other assertions in Canada, and Black in america. Factors behind upsurge of Ethnic identity struggle include Political factors: (1) Demand of rights - ST status by Metti and Kurki (2) Enhanced in access to resources Example - Inner line permit in N.C. (3) Separate identity for better assessment Example - Nagaland

(B) Social factors: (1) feeling of "other" as against "us" (2) difficult culture breeds suspicion (3) Inequitable distribution of development (4) Poor integration in social fabric. (C) Economic factors: (1) want enhanced access to resources (2) dominant ethnic culture wants to corner benefits (3) Ensure Measure of Productivity within ones community are maintained. Implications for country's fabric: (1) Rising violence reduces economical gains. (2) Gender violence causes effect on women adversely. (3) Growth of mistrust within communities.

Implications continued: (4) lack of nationalist agenda in these (5) Threat from outside - foreign funded struggles can reduce economic outcomes (6) Poor social fabric due to infrastructure destruction. Way forward: (1) allow positive expression of ones identity (2) Allow violence at all costs (3) Ensure schemes like DONER, EK Bharat, Shrestha Bharat require. Thus, it is important to focus on HIRA - highway, Infra, Road, Aviation, to ensure reduced ethnic conflicts.