ज्वालामुखी कालडेरा के निर्माण की प्रक्रिया की व्याख्या कीजिए। से क्षेत्र की प्राकृतिक सुंदरता में किस प्रकार योगदान करते हैं? (उत्तर 250 शब्दों में दीजिए) Explain the process of formation of volcanic calderas. How do they contribute to the scenic beauty of the region? (Answer in 250 words)

Contribution to the scenic beauty of region - (1) Pyroclastic clouds: release sulphur and other gases that reduce temperature and provide favourable climate. [eg Mt Stromboli]. (2) Attract rain: due to sudden low pressure created due to eruption of lava. (3) Marvels landforms like dykes, lava tongue are formed. (4) Caldara lakes: promote biodiversity and attractive towers spot. [eg Mt Vesuvius, Italy]. (5) Regeneration of soil: by bringing new material from earth mantle, thus help in growth of vegetation. (6) Soil regeneration: As existing vegetation and biodiversity get engulfed and led to formation of mineral.