[Question about early nineteenth century leaders/reformers and their role in freedom struggle - full text not visible]
Introduction
The early nineteenth [century] are often called the 'No-clestis' and they laid the foundation of the freedom struggle.
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Main Body
The early nineteenth [century] are often called the 'No-clestis' and they laid the foundation of the freedom struggle. Their contributions include: Organizational networks built—Sarvabhouma Banerjee, Ananda Mohan Bose, Indian Association, Indian National Association. Led leaders—Harban National Congress. Ideological—Contributed to emerge of nationalism, democracy, liberties—Lavale, Gokhale—Fight social reform. Economic critique—Dadabhai Naoroji, R.C. Datt—underdevelopment, poverty close to British rule—underdeveloped [conditions].
Campaigned for fact reforms—GoI Acts of 1861, 1892, 1907 passed. Land upon—Local bodies, Liberal Bill, appeal & Vernacular Press Act. Evolution of methods of struggle—Political education through newspapers—'Voice of India' etc., Prayers, petitions. Role in Swaradeshi movement—S. Devantee, P.C. Ray—mobilised the common people—Town Hall meetings. Limitations—Had firm in 'British judiciary'. Extremists called them 'Political Handmany' [Handmaidens?] and not applied role, coercivity personality of the masses. Gokhale had saved that their memorials were addressed to the nation rather than the British—inspiring the 'Parted struggle' [Wider/Popular struggle].
Conclusion
Gokhale had saved that their memorials were addressed to the nation rather than the British—inspiring the wider struggle.
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- Organized approach covering organizational, ideological, and economic dimensions
- Specific leaders and organizations mentioned
- Good linkage between intellectual movements and freedom struggle
MEGHNA CHAKARAVORTY
The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country
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