Question Q.17GS1GS1
The Indian monsoon is a complex phenomenon influenced by various climatic factors. Critically examine the role of oceanic and atmospheric factors in determining the intensity and distribution of monsoon rainfall in India. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks
Introduction
Below normal monsoon distribution has a disproportionate impact on Indian economy, governing food security, inflation, etc. Hence it is crucial to understand monsoon and the various climate factors that impact it.
31 words
Main Body
Oceanic factors:
1. South-west monsoon winds, crossing of ITCZreverses of windsplace to differential rate of land and ocean cooling
2. EL-NINO (ENSO)El-nino (every 1-4 year) leads to reversal of swallies call, leads to drying below windy rains; la-nina strengthens walker cell
3. Bi-NINO/la-nina/Madhabiwestern Pacific in Central EquaticUncooking in impact and distribution
4. Indian Ocean Dipoletemperature difference between western and eastern Indian ocean; Positive phase: higher rainfall; negative phase: lower rainfall
5. Ocean depressioninject intensity of rainlow pressure region
Atmospheric factors:
1. SeasonalityRole of [General] jetstream and contemporary jetstream; [Displaced jetstream in] opens up
2. [Hadden] cluster oscillatingperiodic movement of clouds over bay of bengal
3. [Coastal] line-seasonal summer oscillatingperiodic movement of clouds over bay of bengal
4. North East Branch of south-west monsoon (Bay of Bengal branch)leads to early rainfall in North-Gulf
5. Withdrawal of monsoon windsdue to upper atmospheric dynamics in Midwestdue to orography, vegetation cover, etc.
Oceanic factors (continued):
3. Li-nino/la-nina/Madhabiwestern Pacific in Central EquaticUncooking in impact and distribution
4. Indian Ocean Dipoletemperature difference between western and eastern Indian ocean; Positive phase: higher rainfall; negative phase: lower rainfall
5. Ocean depressioninject intensity of rainlow pressure region
Atmospheric factors:
1. SeasonalityRole of General jetstream and contemporary jetstream; Displaced jetstream in opens up
2. Hadden cluster oscillatingperiodic movement of clouds over bay of bengal
3. Coastal line-seasonal summer oscillatingperiodic movement of clouds over bay of bengal
4. North East Branch of south-west monsoon (Bay of Bengal branch)leads to early rainfall in North-Gulf
5. Withdrawal of monsoon windsdue to upper atmospheric dynamics in Midwestdue to orography, vegetation cover, etc. Until standing team to climate change
314 words3 paragraphs
Answer continues on next page
- Identifies both oceanic and atmospheric factors clearly
- References specific phenomena like El-Nino, La-Nina, IOD
- Links monsoon to economic impacts
- Mentions both positive and negative phases of IOD
Topper
Kush Motwani
AIR 11
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Important Geophysical Phenomena
Monsoon and climate systems
Oceanic and atmospheric factors in monsoon distribution
Writing Stats
345
Total words
3
Paragraphs
analytical
Tone