KM

Kush MotwaniAIR 11

Question 11ElaborateGS1GS1

यद्यपि गांधार और मथुरा कला के बीच कई अंतर थे, तथापि इन दोनों ने अमरावती कला शैली (अमरावती स्कूल ऑफ आर्ट) को पर्याप्त रूप से प्रभावित किया। विस्तृत वर्णन कीजिए। / 'Although there were many differences between the Gandhara and Mathura art, they considerably influenced the Amravati school of art.' Elaborate.

Open scan (p.23)

Introduction

Gandhara and Mathura schools of art emerged in the period 1st BCE to 2nd CE, as schools of sculpture making.

20 words

Main Body

Differences (Gandhara vs Mathura):

1. Anatomy: more muscular, more accurate vs less muscular

2. Sentiments expressed: less (mild meditative expression) vs more (via facial expressions, eg. in Bodhisattva)

3. Focus on external beauty (eg. inspired by sculptures of Greek gods) vs focus on internal beauty (via smile, sentiments, etc.)

4. Significant foreign influence (Greek, Roman, Central Asian) vs minimal foreign influence

5. Gandhara: 2 layered (layer 1: stone, layer 2: plaster/stucco) to give better detailing, vs Mathura: usually single layered.

6. Material used: gray sandstone, blue-green mica schist vs Blackish-spotted red sandstone & Bronze

7. Drapery: Roman inspired - 'toga' like vs only left chest draped (usually)

8. Primarily only Buddhist art vs Buddhist & Hindu + secular art. (eg. Hindu Gods with Ayudhas, secular images such as king Kanishka)

9. Usually based on narrative art from Jatakas vs usually independent sculptures

10. Halo: minimal halo vs wide halo

Yet, they both influenced Amravati art (used white marble):

Gandhara influence:

1. more detailed sculpting

2. 'pinching' to give fine detailing

3. accurate anatomy

4. narrative art (eg. from Jataka tales)

5. minimal halo

Mathura influence:

1. Religious + secular images

2. focus on internal beauty

3. wide smile, facial expressions

4. use of Ayudhas, etc.

205 words3 paragraphs

Conclusion

Amravati art was influenced by both, and went on to impact Sarnath school in the future. The legacy continues to this day - the sculpture of Nataraj by 34 generation old family for G20 has influences of Amravati Art.

39 words

  • Well organized comparative table format
  • Clear differentiation points

Topper

Kush Motwani

AIR 11

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.

Sculpture

Gandhara, Mathura and Amravati schools of art

Writing Stats

264

Total words

3

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone