यद्यपि गांधार और मथुरा कला के बीच कई अंतर थे, तथापि इन दोनों ने अमरावती कला शैली (अमरावती स्कूल ऑफ आर्ट) को पर्याप्त रूप से प्रभावित किया। विस्तृत वर्णन कीजिए। / 'Although there were many differences between the Gandhara and Mathura art, they considerably influenced the Amravati school of art.' Elaborate.
Introduction
Gandhara and Mathura schools of art emerged in the period 1st BCE to 2nd CE, as schools of sculpture making.
20 words
Main Body
Differences (Gandhara vs Mathura):
1. Anatomy: more muscular, more accurate vs less muscular
2. Sentiments expressed: less (mild meditative expression) vs more (via facial expressions, eg. in Bodhisattva)
3. Focus on external beauty (eg. inspired by sculptures of Greek gods) vs focus on internal beauty (via smile, sentiments, etc.)
4. Significant foreign influence (Greek, Roman, Central Asian) vs minimal foreign influence
5. Gandhara: 2 layered (layer 1: stone, layer 2: plaster/stucco) to give better detailing, vs Mathura: usually single layered.
6. Material used: gray sandstone, blue-green mica schist vs Blackish-spotted red sandstone & Bronze
7. Drapery: Roman inspired - 'toga' like vs only left chest draped (usually)
8. Primarily only Buddhist art vs Buddhist & Hindu + secular art. (eg. Hindu Gods with Ayudhas, secular images such as king Kanishka)
9. Usually based on narrative art from Jatakas vs usually independent sculptures
10. Halo: minimal halo vs wide halo
Yet, they both influenced Amravati art (used white marble):
Gandhara influence:
1. more detailed sculpting
2. 'pinching' to give fine detailing
3. accurate anatomy
4. narrative art (eg. from Jataka tales)
5. minimal halo
Mathura influence:
1. Religious + secular images
2. focus on internal beauty
3. wide smile, facial expressions
4. use of Ayudhas, etc.
Conclusion
Amravati art was influenced by both, and went on to impact Sarnath school in the future. The legacy continues to this day - the sculpture of Nataraj by 34 generation old family for G20 has influences of Amravati Art.
39 words
- Well organized comparative table format
- Clear differentiation points
Kush Motwani
Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Sculpture
Gandhara, Mathura and Amravati schools of art
264
Total words
3
Paragraphs
analytical
Tone