KP

Komal PuniaAIR 6

Question 15GS3GS1

Examine the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle and suggest suitable mitigation and adaptation strategies to contain the harmful implications.

Open scan (p.35)

Introduction

Hydrological cycle regulates concentration of water in atmosphere, lithosphere and water bodies.

12 words

Main Body

[Impact of climate change on cycle]

1Melting of ice caps & glaciers due to global warming (1.5°C already risen - IPCC)
2Sea level rise & island sinking
3Increase humidity (wet bulb temperat) with 4°C rise => 7.5 increase in humidity.
4Increasing rate of vaporisations from oceans => impact on cloud formation & water cycle
5Positive feedback loop & vicious cycle — intensify the impact.
6Impact on ocean salinity — flow of freshwater into sea
7Disruption of proportion of fresh & brine water — 97.5 saline water ~ 3.5 fresh water.

These changes require mitigations & adaptation —

1[Mitigation] => (1) Halting global warming (Climate & Carbon Neutral)
2Achieving 1.5° target (Paris Conference)
3Afforestation & green infra for enhancing foundation in ground water.
4Halting glacier melting

[Adaptation]

1Resilient small island initiative (IRIS)
2Managing water refugees
3Structural measures —

Aquifers, check dams, Bioshields - Carbon tanks, Capturing water discharge - prevent flooding, Charcoal, Carbon filter sludge

168 words3 paragraphs

Conclusion

Via UN highlighted staging 74.5 disaster is in water-related. So above measures should be taken to ensure SDG 13, 14, 15

21 words

Diagram

Hydrological cycle of Earth showing clouds, rain, vaporization, mountains, groundwater reservoirs, land, ocean, and ice caps

  • Clear definition of hydrological cycle at start
  • Includes diagram for better explanation
  • Cites IPCC data on temperature rise
  • Identifies key climate change impacts

Topper

Komal Punia

AIR 6

Subject & Paper

GS3GS1

Topic

Important Geophysical Phenomena

Climate Change and Hydrological Cycle

Climate change impacts on water cycle

Writing Stats

201

Total words

3

Paragraphs

scientific

Tone