Briefly discuss the role of plate tectonics theory in explaining the location of volcanoes. Also, explain the multifarious impacts of volcanoes on the surrounding regions. (10 marks, 150 words)
Introduction
Plate tectonic theory as explained by T. Wilson aimed to explained geomorphological features like continent formation, volcanoes, fold mountains, Islands etc.
21 words
Main Body
Role in explaining location of volcanoes: (1) Volcanoes predominantly on plate margins e.g. Pacific ring of fire account for 75% World volcanoes. (2) ~95% volcanoes origin to plate tectonics. [Diagram showing continents - North America, South America, Europe, Africa with plate boundaries, Pacific ring of fire, and divergent mid oceanic ridge in Atlantic]
& only 5% are hotspot volcanoes. (3) Active volcanoes at unstable plate boundaries eg. Hunga Tonga (recently erupted). (4) Plate boundaries provide easy exit to earth's lava from Benioff zones. Multifarious impacts of volcanoes: (1) Creation of new island eg. recently a new pacific island. (2) Aerosol emission - hinder visibility & insolation. (3) Mud flow, lahar, pyroclast ejection. (4) can cause destructive ocean waves.
Conclusion
Knowledge of plate boundaries provide a good source of predicting and mitigating volcanoes impacts and important pillar in Sendai framework's Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR).
24 words
Diagram
Map diagram showing North America, South America, Europe, Africa continents with plate boundary markings, Pacific ring of fire location, and divergent mid oceanic ridge (Atlantic)
- Good diagram
- Statistics used (75%, 95%)
- Clear structure
Komal Punia
Geophysical Phenomena
Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics
Plate tectonic theory explaining volcano location
163
Total words
1
Paragraphs
structured, point-wise with diagram
Tone