'The hallmark of post-Independent India has been its remarkable strides in science and technology'. To what extent did scientific development during this period put India on the path of modernity? (Answer in 150 words) 10 marks
Introduction
INDIA's recent Chandrayaan III shows strides in SCIENCE & Technology, and its INNOVATIVE spirit. ex: 24th rank in Global INNOVATION index
21 words
Main Body
Diagrammatic representation showing 'Strides in Post Independent India': Sarabhai's setup of THUMBA rocket launch station and ISRO; ICAR labs for agriculture; created PSU for DEFENCE; setup of BIRAC; setup of ATOMIC Energy Research Centre (BARC); Launch of Operation Smiling Buddha & Mission Shakti for nuclear power/weapons; Software Technology Park scheme (STPI)
Continuation: India is 4th layer space power ex: ASAT test; India's defence exports are Rs 15,000 crore; 1.8% of energy from nuclear plants; Launch of joint product BRAHMOS (ICBM) missile ex: Philippines purchase; India launches global satellites ex: LMV3 for Singapore launch. Role of steps: enhance women in STEMM, Startup India, IPR regime strengthening. However steps needed: R&D spending from 0.6% to 1.5%, Atal Innovation Mission.
Conclusion
For larger Atmanirbhar Bharat, scale & pace must be revolutionized ex: 'AI for All' strategy.
15 words
Diagram
Central box labeled 'STRIDES IN POST INDEPENDENT INDIA' with branches to ISRO/Thumba rocket, ICAR labs, DRDO/PSU for defence, BIRAC, BARC, Operation Smiling Buddha/Mission Shakti, Software Technology Park (STPI)
- Good diagrammatic representation
- Historical timeline of scientific achievements
Chandana Jahnavi
Science and Technology
Post-independence scientific development
Space, Nuclear, Defence R&D
153
Total words
1
Paragraphs
Point-wise, diagrammatic
Tone