Explain the socio-economic transformations resulting from women's migration to metropolitan areas in India. (Answer in 250 words)

Positive Transformations: (1) Labour force participation increased to 42% as per PLFC; (2) Autonomy - Migrant women enjoy autonomy and able to exercise her agency, leading to economic independence; (3) Rising education - Higher education system showing gender parity index above 1; (4) Reduce patriarchal norms - Women able to obtain independent status; (5) Reducing child marriage - Delay marriages and love marriages on rise; (6) Institutional care - Rise in creche system, old age homes in cities; (7) Reducing impact of traditional keepers such as Khap Panchayats. Negative Impacts: (1) Violence against women in cities, as per NCRB data 4,569 cases in FY23; (2) Dual Burden - Work and care work in cities; (3) Limited social support - Women in cities lack support of parent and community.

Continuation: Measures to be taken include: (1) Recognition, Reward, Reduce care work; (2) Infrastructure - Hostels, creche; (3) Protection - Police reforms, judicial reform; (4) Sensitization - To end discrimination, e.g. Beti Bachao Beti Padho scheme.