Indian cities are not only mimicking the social and cultural structures of inequality and exclusion found in rural areas but are also creating fault lines for future conflicts. Discuss. (250 words) 15

Currently, about 34% of Indian population lives in the cities.

Although urban areas are associated with values of pluralism, heterogeneity and tolerance, the worst social and cultural structures remain the same.

[Inequality & Exclusion]

1. Ghettoization and Slum areas show that the inclusive development is only superficial. eg: Dharavi in Mumbai

2. Caste based discrimination continue even in urban areas - eg: Bobbili cricket league in Hyderabad.

3. Religion based communities are common among other. eg: Cama society in Mumbai sloes not except non-Parsi owners.

4. Ethnicity & caste based occupation continue in cities. eg: manual labourers from UP & Dalit from Karnataka are common in Mumbai

5. Access to education & healthcare is unequal

[Fault lines for future conflicts]

Conflicts based on inequality & exclusion is more likely in urban areas due to:

on cereal of relative deprivation

eg: Taji dinner living in slum during to 5 star hotels

2. These excluded are more aware of their rights, of their class consciousness ste in urban area

3. Inequality in urban areas leads to social crime men as rape, dowring, domestic violence ete

Thus, equality of opportunity and secondary path to social mobility is necessary to ensure that children feel safe sense of inclusive & participation development.