Provide an account of the issues that led to a crisis in Punjab in the 1980s. Also, discuss the roadmap to peace that was eventually adopted. (250 words) 15
Introduction
Punjab, historically had a multicultural population with largely peaceful coexistence but it largely changed due to partition.
17 words
Main Body
Issues/Causes of 1980s crisis:
1. Feeling of imposition of Hindu culture and Hindi language upon Sikh community. eg: Demand for Sikh state i.e Punjab with Punjabi as language.
2. Loss of fertile land during partition along with economical crisis of 1970s created sense of relative deprivation.
3. Appeasement of extremist leaders by Akali Dal as well as Indian National Congress. eg: Bhindranwale
5. Rise of secessionist demands as there was no visible opposition i.e appeasement to earlier demands. eg: low Law and Order Presence
Eventually, these events culminated in violence in Punjab resulting in death of 1000s.
To put and end to extremism, the then PM Indira Gandhi ordered 'Operation Blue Star'.
Road to Peace:
1. Creation of Punjab
2. Negotiations with Akali Dal which led to Gandhi-Longowal Accord.
3. Surrendering by remaining extremists.
4. Economic prosperity due to green revolution.
Conclusion
Gradually, common Punjabi felt disassociated with the separatist movement and by 1997-98, peace was established
15 words
- Contextual intro linking historical background to crisis
Hrishikesh Alare
Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization
Regionalism
Punjab crisis
184
Total words
2
Paragraphs
Analytical
Tone