HA

Hrishikesh AloneAIR 61· 2025

Question 2DiscussGS1GS1

The Harappan civilization was a "technological powerhouse" that laid the foundation for sophisticated urban living in ancient South Asia. In light of this statement, discuss the key technological breakthroughs and contributions of this Bronze Age culture. (10 marks, 150 words)

Open scan (p.5)

Introduction

Harappan civilisation refers to ancient Bronze-age civilisation along the banks of Indus and Saraswati river valleys.

16 words

Main Body

Technological Breakthroughs:

1First known script in Indian subcontinent Eg: Indus script.
2Sewage system running parallel to the streets
3Flood control mechanism through dikes to Indus river.
4Standardisation in construction

Eg: Brick size = 8:4:1.

5Lost-wax technique in sculptures. Eg: Dancing girl of Mohenjodaro.
6Use of new materials through Bronze (dancing girl), Steatite etc Eg: Seals (Pashupati). Red ware pottery.
7Bead making industry
8Dockyard found in Lothal.

Contributions:

1. Trade relations with neighbouring civilisation

2. Continued linkages to Aryan/Vedic age

3. Eastward expansion

4. Early signs of religion Eg: mother goddess

98 words2 paragraphs

Conclusion

Recent National Maritime Complex at Lothal highlights civilisation's importance of IVC to India.

13 words

Diagram

Map of Indian subcontinent showing Harappan sites - Harappa, Mohenjodaro, Kot Diji, Dholavira, Lothal marked with locations

  • Use of diagram/map
  • Specific site examples

Topper

Hrishikesh Alone

AIR 612025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Indian Culture

Pre Vedic

Harappan Civilization Technology

Writing Stats

127

Total words

2

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone