Why is there a shift of labour-intensive industries from China to South and Southeast Asia? Discuss the advantages and challenges for India in this context. (Answer in 250 words)

Factors of shift: (1) More forward diversification & shift of industry supply chains first could be done by China; (2) Emergence of cheap labour economies in Asia & Vietnam investment in skills & infrastructure; (3) West's growing concern due rising home of China. (By Raid book better to counter BRI); (4) Investment in infrastructure

Skill by other economies By India Skill India mission; (5) Incentives for private sector to shift manufacturing By PLI scheme; (6) China's slow down in terms of CPIBL of debt market; (7) Ageing Chinese population & crackdown of ICE on private sector (By Alibaba Founder).

Advantages: (A) Potential of greater manufacturing for into India (@ $72 billion high (2021)); (B) Jobs Creation (for increasing youth population); (C) Potential to increase share in Global export basket $1.2 trillion; (D) Potential for Tech transfer from Global giants; (E) Build indigenous capabilities in strategic sector (By Semiconductors).

Challenges/Disadvantage: (A) Competition from Southeast asian Countries (& reason Vietnam); (B) Foreign competition might relabel Indian brands; (C) Skill & infrastructure gap still persists; (D) Complex supply chains in wave side of disruption.