Introduction
Rift valley is created through vertical forces on blocks along fault lines.
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Main Body
(I) Valleys: The rift valleys are result of vertical forces on the blocks along fault lines. The rifts have consequent deep valley in ocean topography too. Sea floor spreading contributes to mid-oceanic ridge and trenches, maintaining isostasy.
(II) Volcanic Landforms: The mantle plumes lead to formation of volcanic arcs and islands. The phenomenon of isostasy is crucial to study the topography, landforms of the earth showing a socio-economic impact on resident population.
Diagram
Fig: Black Mountains showing Horst and Graben formation
- Clear explanation of valley formation through structural geology
- Incorporates both terrestrial and oceanic examples
- Links isostasy concept to topography
- Mentions socio-economic impact
ANKITA PATIL
Salient features of World's Physical Geography
Geophysical Phenomena
Rift Valleys and Volcanic Landforms
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