AT

Anjali ThakurAIR 43· 2023

Question 17Answer in 250 wordsGS1GS1

What are the key strategies used in dryland farming to overcome water scarcity and maximize agricultural production? Also, discuss the need to promote dryland farming in India. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks

Open scan (p.44)

Introduction

Dryland farming is method of farming in arid and semi arid areas with specific key strategies.

16 words

Main Body

Key strategies used:

1Mulching - keeping the soil covered 30 days → prevents soil erosion & keeps the moisture content in the soil
2NO TILL Zero Till → to till disturbing the soil → using the micro-bioorganism to enhance
3Using natural manures → productivity - low dung (ZBNF); low use of chemical fertilizer
4Holistic development of canal and irrigation system
5Sprinkler or Drip Irrigation → reduces runoff and increased water use efficiency (saves 70% water)
6Estimate smart Agriculture → Cultivating suitable crops three millets (Saiyama)
7Soil amendments → Biochar

Need for dryland farming:

1Water scarcity → Punjab Vidhan Sabha committee said that there will be no groundwater available by 2070 if extraction at this rate continues
2Increased land degradation as per UNCCD → will help achieving land degradation neutrality (Delhi Declaration)
3Increased water use offline efficiency as water intensive and unsuitable crops are cultivated → Rice, Sugarcane & in Punjab & Rajasthan respectively
4Decreased groundwater table → &. CGWB → 6½ dbp in groundwater between 2007-17
5Increased use of chemical fertilizes → Eutrophication & pollution

What needs to be done:

⊳ Drip Irrigation (Atlas & Daltawi canal) - Reduce runoff and increased water use efficiency / saves 70% water

⊳ Crop choice to be adequateMillets & handycrops
⊳ Using natural waysBNF by Sukhas Pullican
230 words3 paragraphs

Conclusion

We need to shift from green Revolution to evergreen revolution for sustainable Agriculture.

13 words

  • Clear categorization of strategies
  • Explains mechanism of each strategy
  • References government scheme (ZBNF)
  • Covers both soil and water management
  • Mentions environmental benefits

Topper

Anjali Thakur

AIR 432023

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world

Agricultural practices in water-scarce regions

Dryland farming strategies

Writing Stats

259

Total words

3

Paragraphs

informative and technical

Tone