Discuss the factors contributing to the early onset of the monsoon in India. Analyze its socio-economic impacts. (Answer in 250 words)

Factors contributing to early monsoon:

1. Climate change causing temperature/pressure variability between land and ocean & high summer temperature causes SW monsoon wind behind monsoon loadsl.

2. Positive Indian ocean dipole due to warming shallow sea impacting monsoon winds.

3. Southern oscillation changes in ENSO-La Niña cycle due to warming pacific ocean.

Economic and Social impact of early onset:

1. Impact features like Biswakie, Bidhi which are tied with monsoon.

2. Impact capping pattern, promise of early sowing of Kharif crops leading to early harvest.

3. Change to standing rabi crops left which impact agriculture productivity.

4. Spread of diseases like Malaria and Dengue in urban cities due to water accumulation.

These impacts need to be managed through shifting towards climate resilient crops like millets, strengthening disaster preparedness and strengthening water prediction capabilities.