Question 2.11HighlightGS2GS1

भारत के बाद अरस राज्यों के लिए पाकिस्तान में भिन्न-भिन्न हुए हैं। हमारे द्विपक्षीय संबंधों पर भारत-पाक और भारत-चीन युद्धों का क्या प्रभाव है? India was drawn into numerous wars post Independence. Highlight the causes and impact of the Indo-Pakistan and Indo-China wars on our bilateral relationships. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks

Introduction

After Independence, India faced many internal & external issues. Internal being migrant crises, restructuring of Indian state etc And external security threats from China & Pakistan - Annexing PoK by Pakistan

31 words

Main Body

Indo-Pak wars (1965 & 1971):

Cause:

1Frequent infiltration was a major challenge

2Claim of Pakistan over Kashmir and annexation of some part of Kashmir

3Huge migrant influx from Pakistan

4War in 1971 was caused to support East Pakistan liberation

-> To weaken Pakistan

5Wars due sn breaching ceasefire - Kargil war (1999)

Impact on Indo-Pak relation:

1Sour relations due to frequent war

2Less avenue for peace -> Frequent terrorism activity & infiltration.

3Weaponization & nuclearization due to insecurity.

4Going to UN imposed ceasefire & then PoK remained with pakistan -> Now building CFC breaching India's sovereignty.

5New country Bangladesh -> More cooperative to India.

Indo-china war:

Causes of war: Border issues & claims over Indian territory by China, Failure of peace deals & negotiations, Issue regarding water sharing.

Way forward: India should assert its national interest & sovereignty firmly. At the same time using multilateral forums like SAAR, BIMSTEC, SCO etc try to negotiate. India needs to be upholding its sovereignty & negotiating to prevent two front war.

Impacts of Indo-China war:

1Negotiations were [illegible] -> MacMohan line

2China is still not satisfied and its insatisfaction manifest in many forms -> Salami slicing -> Claims over boundary villages -> Galwan valley clash -> CPEC with pakistan.

India should assert its national interest & sovereignty firmly. At the same time using multilateral forums like SAAR, BIMSTEC, SCO etc try to negotiate. India needs to be upholding its sovereignty & negotiating to prevent two front war.

256 words5 paragraphs

Conclusion

India needs to be upholding its sovereignty & negotiating to prevent two front war.

14 words

Lists multiple causes of wars
Identifies both internal and external challenges
Mentions specific years and contexts

Open original scan

Page 25

Topper

Anjali Thankur

AIR 432023

Subject & Paper

GS2GS1

Topic

Post-independence Consolidation and Reorganization within the country

India's Relations with Neighbors

Indo-Pakistan wars and their causes

Writing Stats

301

Total words

Paragraphs