Question 14GS1GS1

पश्चिमी घाट के ऊँचाई वाले क्षेत्रों में शोला वनों के विकास के फिलहाल के भौगोलिक परिस्थितियों पर चर्चा कीजिए। उनके पारिस्थितिक महत्व को रेखांकित कीजिए। (उत्तर 250 शब्दों में दीजिए)

Introduction

Recently, Shola forest were in news due to bleaching of Neelakuringi (after 12 years), while CSFI report says 90% of actual biodiversity hotspot in Western Ghats is under threat.

29 words

Main Body

(What is Shola forest?)(1) Temperate grassland forest in elevated path of Western Ghats

2Elevation - 1200-1800 m

2Has various hill stations (eg Ooty, Coonoor)

(Y) Niche biodiversityThis sectone [tropical altitude]

Geographical Conditions responsible for development

1Temperature ← Altitude, latitude → located in tropics, but at elevation (Monsoon - we at leeward side)

2[Monsoon] - we at leeward side

3Interplay of atmospheric forces (via Pressure belts shifting [ITCZ scale])

(Y) Role of evergreen exposure to sunlight

8With elevation → adiabatic cooling of air → temperature drops

(K) Rainfall200 cm in a year

Ecological Significance :

1Part of global biodiversity hotspot

2CSE says → houses endemic species, Biodiversity linked to blend forest → Global forest repository

3Home to various indigenous tribe → Indian Knowledge system (eg Karukaran, Asocyapacha)

(Y) Role in species conservation

(A) Tiger, elephant habitat

8Carbon Sinks → Forest in tropical areas → biggest sink after permafrost

6Ecological Service provider (eg Air purification, no reduce pollution)

9Aid in water cycle → transpiration led rainfall

8Start of various rivers (eg Godavari → Nashik [Kahathai perf river (Krishna and Kaveri)]

1Source of various minerals, rocks (eg Iron) → also help in study of earth's interior

10Also ecology led economy "Ecology is permanent economy" (eg Mining, tourism)

11Cultural and aesthetic values

12Role in stabilizing temperature

13Linkage to other global planetary circulations

Threats

1Hosting and quarrying

2Afforestation

3Man-Animal Conflict (eg Kerala)

4Changing weather patterns

Conclusion: States in Western Ghat should adopt [Kasturangan report]. Besides for sustainable development - entire nation should contribute for conservation applying [CBDR - RC] at intra country level

286 words6 paragraphs

Conclusion

States in Western Ghat should adopt [Kasturangan report]. Besides for sustainable development - entire nation should contribute for conservation applying [CBDR - RC] at intra country level

27 words

Diagram

Geographical illustration showing South Western Winds and Geographic latitude patterns

Good use of current affairs to introduce topic
Identifies key geographical factors (altitude, latitude, monsoon)
Links geographical conditions to forest type

Open original scan

Page 35

Topper

Akansh Dhull

AIR 3

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

World Physical Geography

Climate type

Shola forests of Western Ghats

Writing Stats

342

Total words

Paragraphs

structured with bullet points

Tone