GS3UNKNOWN
Despite being a major contributor to the Indian economy, the agriculture sector is plagued by several constraints that impede its growth and development. Discuss the role of technology in overcoming these constraints. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks
Introduction
Agriculture sector in FY23 contributed ~ 20%. to GVA breaching the ~ 18%. mark after a decade. It was also the ONLY sector which showed growth during pandemic.
28 words
Main Body
Constraints to Indian Agriculture:
1Fragmented holding:- 86%. Farmers hold <2H0 => Subsistence farming.
2Low R&D:- Agriculture subsidy at ~ 2.5 Lakhs while R&D budget at Rs 3-4,000 Cr.
3Primary technique:- Only S6J. farms are mechanized in India.
4Rainfed:- Irrigation at only 52%. of Net Sown Area.
5Poor marketing avenues:- Heavy dependence on APMCs, distress sale (Onion 2023), etc. leads to poor price discovery.
6Lack of diversification:- Heavy reliance on few crops like wheat, rice, sugarcane, etc.
Technology as a Solution:
1Weather prediction:- Quantum computing can provide early prediction of extreme weather cost.
2Nano-urea:- Reduce dissolution rate, reduced cost, better soil quality.
3Precision farming:- Sensor based irrigation precisely to roots => Saving of water.
4Genetic engineering:- Increased yield.
e.g:- 9.5-3 tonnes/ha vis 1.2 tonnes/ha for DMH-11 mustard vis normal.
5Sharing best practices:- Maharashtra farmers use Clubhouse app to discuss marketing.
6Online markets:- e-Nam, etc. can lead to better price discovery.
7Cold-storage:- Reduce post harvest loss currently at RS 1 Lakh.
8Food processing:- Irradiation, processing => Better shelf-life, better prices.
Key Warehourds:
1Technology divide:- Smartphone penetration 33.1, less in rural areas.
2Lef to farm gaps:- Low number of on-form testing labs.
205 words18 paragraphs
Conclusion
However, technology can ensure twin goals of doubling farmers income using with sustainable agriculture.
14 words
- Good opening with statistical context
- Clear identification of key constraints
Topper
Aniket Dnyaneshwar Hirde
Subject & Paper
GS3UNKNOWN
Topic
Indian Agriculture
Agricultural Constraints and Technology
Role of technology in overcoming agricultural constraints
Writing Stats
247
Total words
18
Paragraphs